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10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.12.012 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.12.012 C4039576!4039576!24406469     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Brain+Res+Bull 2014 ; ä (ä): 25-35 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=24406469|t=2014. REGULATION OF MEMORY ? FROM THE ADRENAL MEDULLA TO LIVER TO ASTROCYTES TO NEURONS1 |pdf=|usr=}}{{24406469}} gab.com Text REGULATION OF MEMORY FROM THE ADRENAL MEDULLA TO LIVER TO ASTROCYTES TO NEURONS1 JO: Brain Res Bull http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24406469 #FOAvip Epinephrine, released into blood from the adrenal medulla in response to arousing experiences, is a potent enhancer of learning and memory processing. This review examines mechanisms by which epinephrine exerts its effects on these cognitive functions. Because epinephrine is largely blocked from moving from blood to brain, it is likely that the hormone's effects on memory are mediated by peripheral actions. A classic effect of epinephrine is to act at the liver to break down glycogen stores, resulting in increased blood glucose levels. The increase in blood glucose provides additional energy substrates to the brain to buttress the processes needed for an experience to be learned and remembered. In part, it appears that the increased glucose may act in the brain in a manner akin to that evident in the liver, engaging glycogenolysis in astrocytes to provide an energy substrate, in this case lactate, to augment neuronal functions. Together, the findings reveal a mechanism underlying modulation of memory that integrates the physiological functions of multiple organ systems to support brain processes. Twit Text FOAVip REGULATION OF MEMORY FROM THE ADRENAL MEDULLA TO LIVER TO ASTROCYTES TO NEURONS1 ????Brain Res Bull http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24406469 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24406469 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|24406469}}</ref> REGULATION OF MEMORY ? FROM THE ADRENAL MEDULLA TO LIVER TO ASTROCYTES TO NEURONS1 #MMPMID24406469 Gold PE Brain Res Bull 2014[Jun]; ä (ä): 25-35 PMID24406469show ga Epinephrine, released into blood from the adrenal medulla in response to arousing experiences, is a potent enhancer of learning and memory processing. This review examines mechanisms by which epinephrine exerts its effects on these cognitive functions. Because epinephrine is largely blocked from moving from blood to brain, it is likely that the hormone's effects on memory are mediated by peripheral actions. A classic effect of epinephrine is to act at the liver to break down glycogen stores, resulting in increased blood glucose levels. The increase in blood glucose provides additional energy substrates to the brain to buttress the processes needed for an experience to be learned and remembered. In part, it appears that the increased glucose may act in the brain in a manner akin to that evident in the liver, engaging glycogenolysis in astrocytes to provide an energy substrate, in this case lactate, to augment neuronal functions. Together, the findings reveal a mechanism underlying modulation of memory that integrates the physiological functions of multiple organ systems to support brain processes. äREGULATION OF MEMORY ? FROM THE ADRENAL MEDULLA TO LIVER TO ASTROCYTES(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing