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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Biol+Chem
2014 ; 289
(16
): 11262-11271
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A disease-causing mutation illuminates the protein membrane topology of the
kidney-expressed prohibitin homology (PHB) domain protein podocin
#MMPMID24596097
Schurek EM
; Völker LA
; Tax J
; Lamkemeyer T
; Rinschen MM
; Ungrue D
; Kratz JE 3rd
; Sirianant L
; Kunzelmann K
; Chalfie M
; Schermer B
; Benzing T
; Höhne M
J Biol Chem
2014[Apr]; 289
(16
): 11262-11271
PMID24596097
show ga
Mutations in the NPHS2 gene are a major cause of steroid-resistant nephrotic
syndrome, a severe human kidney disorder. The NPHS2 gene product podocin is a key
component of the slit diaphragm cell junction at the kidney filtration barrier
and part of a multiprotein-lipid supercomplex. A similar complex with the podocin
ortholog MEC-2 is required for touch sensation in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Although podocin and MEC-2 are membrane-associated proteins with a predicted
hairpin-like structure and amino and carboxyl termini facing the cytoplasm, this
membrane topology has not been convincingly confirmed. One particular mutation
that causes kidney disease in humans (podocin(P118L)) has also been identified in
C. elegans in genetic screens for touch insensitivity (MEC-2(P134S)). Here we
show that both mutant proteins, in contrast to the wild-type variants, are
N-glycosylated because of the fact that the mutant C termini project
extracellularly. Podocin(P118L) and MEC-2(P134S) did not fractionate in
detergent-resistant membrane domains. Moreover, mutant podocin failed to activate
the ion channel TRPC6, which is part of the multiprotein-lipid supercomplex,
indicative of the fact that cholesterol recruitment to the ion channels, an
intrinsic function of both proteins, requires C termini facing the cytoplasmic
leaflet of the plasma membrane. Taken together, this study demonstrates that the
carboxyl terminus of podocin/MEC-2 has to be placed at the inner leaflet of the
plasma membrane to mediate cholesterol binding and contribute to ion channel
activity, a prerequisite for mechanosensation and the integrity of the kidney
filtration barrier.