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10.1016/j.molcel.2014.03.011 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.molcel.2014.03.011 C4025954!4025954!24766887     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Mol+Cell 2014 ; 54 (2): 234-44 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=24766887|t=2014. CRISPR-Cas systems: prokaryotes upgrade to adaptive immunity |pdf=|usr=}}{{24766887}} gab.com Text CRISPR-Cas systems: prokaryotes upgrade to adaptive immunity JO: Mol Cell http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24766887 #FOAvip Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), and associated proteins (Cas) comprise the CRISPR-Cas system, which confers adaptive immunity against exogenic elements in many bacteria and most archaea. CRISPR-mediated immunization occurs through the uptake of DNA from invasive genetic elements such as plasmids and viruses, followed by its integration into CRISPR loci. These loci are subsequently transcribed and processed into small interfering RNAs that guide nucleases for specific cleavage of complementary sequences. Conceptually, CRISPR-Cas shares functional features with the mammalian adaptive immune system, while also exhibiting characteristics of Lamarckian evolution. Because immune markers spliced from exogenous agents are integrated iteratively in CRISPR loci, they constitute a genetic record of vaccination events and reflect environmental conditions and changes over time. Cas endonucleases, which can be reprogrammed by small guide RNAs have shown unprecedented potential and flexibility for genome editing, and can be repurposed for numerous DNA targeting applications including transcriptional control. Twit Text FOAVip CRISPR-Cas systems: prokaryotes upgrade to adaptive immunity ????Mol Cell http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24766887 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24766887 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|24766887}}</ref> CRISPR-Cas systems: prokaryotes upgrade to adaptive immunity #MMPMID24766887 Barrangou R; Marraffini LA Mol Cell 2014[Apr]; 54 (2): 234-44 PMID24766887show ga Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), and associated proteins (Cas) comprise the CRISPR-Cas system, which confers adaptive immunity against exogenic elements in many bacteria and most archaea. CRISPR-mediated immunization occurs through the uptake of DNA from invasive genetic elements such as plasmids and viruses, followed by its integration into CRISPR loci. These loci are subsequently transcribed and processed into small interfering RNAs that guide nucleases for specific cleavage of complementary sequences. Conceptually, CRISPR-Cas shares functional features with the mammalian adaptive immune system, while also exhibiting characteristics of Lamarckian evolution. Because immune markers spliced from exogenous agents are integrated iteratively in CRISPR loci, they constitute a genetic record of vaccination events and reflect environmental conditions and changes over time. Cas endonucleases, which can be reprogrammed by small guide RNAs have shown unprecedented potential and flexibility for genome editing, and can be repurposed for numerous DNA targeting applications including transcriptional control. äCRISPR-Cas systems: prokaryotes upgrade to adaptive immunity (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing