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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 292.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Circ+Res 2014 ; 114 (8): 1246-57 Nephropedia Template TP
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Cardiomyocyte-Specific TGF? Suppression Blocks Neutrophil Infiltration, Augments Multiple Cytoprotective Cascades, and Reduces Early Mortality after Myocardial Infarction #MMPMID24573206
Rainer PP; Hao S; Vanhoutte D; Lee DI; Koitabashi N; Molkentin JD; Kass DA
Circ Res 2014[Apr]; 114 (8): 1246-57 PMID24573206show ga
Rationale: Wound healing after myocardial infarction involves a highly regulated inflammatory response that is initiated by the appearance of neutrophils to clear out dead cells and matrix debris. Neutrophil infiltration is controlled by multiple secreted factors, including the master regulator transforming growth factor beta (TGF?). Broad inhibition of TGF? early post-infarction has worsened post-MI remodeling; however, this signaling displays potent cell-specificity and targeted suppression particularly in the myocyte could be beneficial. Objective: To test the hypothesis that targeted suppression of myocyte TGF? signaling suppresses post-infarct remodeling and inflammatory modulation, and identify mechanisms by which this may be achieved. Methods and Results: Mice with TGF? receptor-coupled signaling genetically suppressed only in cardiac myocytes (conditional TGF? receptor 1 or 2 knockout) displayed marked declines in neutrophil recruitment and accompanying metalloproteinase-9 activation after infarction, and were protected against early onset mortality due to wall rupture. This was a cell-specific effect, as broader inhibition of TGF? signaling led to 100% early mortality due to rupture. Rather than by altering fibrosis or reducing generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, myocyte-selective TGF?-inhibition augmented synthesis of a constellation of highly protective cardiokines. These included thrombospondin 4 with associated endoplasmic reticulum stress responses, interleukin-33, follistatin-like 1, and growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), which is an inhibitor of neutrophil integrin activation and tissue migration. Conclusions: These data reveal a novel role of myocyte canonical TGF? signaling as a potent regulator of protective cardiokine and neutrophil mediated infarct remodeling.