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2013 ; 81
(12
): 4478-89
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Nlrp-3-driven interleukin 17 production by ??T cells controls infection outcomes
during Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infection
#MMPMID24082072
Maher BM
; Mulcahy ME
; Murphy AG
; Wilk M
; O'Keeffe KM
; Geoghegan JA
; Lavelle EC
; McLoughlin RM
Infect Immun
2013[Dec]; 81
(12
): 4478-89
PMID24082072
show ga
Recent work has identified T cells and the cytokines they produce as important
correlates of immune protection during Staphylococcus aureus infections through
the ability of these T cells to regulate local neutrophil responses. However, the
specific T-cell subsets that are involved in coordinating protection at distinct
sites of infection remains to be established. In this study, we identify for the
first time an important role for ??T cells in controlling S. aureus surgical site
infection (SSI). ??T cells are recruited to the wound site following S. aureus
challenge, where they represent the primary source of interleukin 17 (IL-17),
with a small contribution from other non-??T cells. The IL-17 response is
entirely dependent upon IL-1 receptor signaling. Using IL-17 receptor-deficient
mice, we demonstrate that IL-17 is required to control bacterial clearance during
S. aureus SSI. However, we demonstrate a strain-dependent requirement for ??T
cells in this process due to the differential abilities of individual strains to
activate IL-1? production. IL-1? processing relies upon activation of the Nlrp3
inflammasome complex, and we demonstrate that Nlrp3-deficient and IL-1
receptor-deficient mice have an impaired ability to control S. aureus SSI due to
reduced production of IL-17 by ??T cells at the site of infection. Given that
IL-17 has been identified as an important correlate of immune protection during
S. aureus infection, it is vital that the unique cellular sources of this
cytokine and mechanisms inducing its activation are identified at distinct sites
of infection. Our study demonstrates that while IL-17 may be critically important
for mediating immune protection during S. aureus SSI, the relative contribution
of ??T cells to these protective effects may be strain dependent.