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2008 ; 12
(1
): 126-44
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Clathrin-independent internalization and recycling
#MMPMID18039352
Gong Q
; Huntsman C
; Ma D
J Cell Mol Med
2008[Jan]; 12
(1
): 126-44
PMID18039352
show ga
The functionality of receptor and channel proteins depends directly upon their
expression level on the plasma membrane. Therefore, the ability to selectively
adjust the surface level of a particular receptor or channel protein is pivotal
to many cellular signaling events. The internalization and recycling pathway
plays a major role in the regulation of protein surface level, and thus has been
a focus of research for many years. Although several endocytic pathways have been
identified, most of our knowledge has come from the clathrin-dependent pathway,
while the other pathways remain much less well defined. Considering that
clathrin-independent internalization may account for as much as 50% of the total
endocytic activity in the cell, the lack of such knowledge constitutes a major
gap in our efforts to understand how different internalization pathways are
utilized and coordinated. Recent studies have provided valuable insights into
this area, yet many more questions still remain. In this review, we will give a
panoramic introduction to the current knowledge of various internalization and
recycling pathways, with an emphasis on the latest findings that have broadened
our view of the clathrin-independent pathways. We will also dedicate one section
to the emerging studies of the clathrin-independent internalization pathways in
neuronal cells.
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