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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 278.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 J+Cell+Mol+Med 2009 ; 13 (5): 995-8 Nephropedia Template TP
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Three-dimensional electron microscopic reconstruction of intracellular organellar arrangements in vascular smooth muscle ? further evidence of nanospaces and contacts #MMPMID19426151
Tong WC; Sweeney M; Jones CJP; Zhang H; O?Neill SC; Prior I; Taggart MJ
J Cell Mol Med 2009[May]; 13 (5): 995-8 PMID19426151show ga
The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of smooth muscle is crucial for appropriate regulation of Ca2+ signalling. In visceral and vascular smooth muscles the SR is known to periodically lie in close register, within a few nanometres, to the plasma membrane. Recent work has focussed on reconstructions of the ultrastructural arrangement of this so-called peripheral SR that may be important for the genesis of phenomena such as Ca2+ sparks. Here, we turn our attention to vascular smooth muscle and explore the 3-dimensional (3D) ultrastructural positioning of SR found deeper in the cell that is involved in the propagation of Ca2+ waves. We use digital reconstruction and volume rendering of serial electron microscopic sections from isolated resistance arteries, pressurized in vitro to mimic cellular geometric conformations anticipated in vivo, to map SR positioning. We confirm that these central portions of SR are in close register with mitochondria and the nucleus with all three organelles tightly enveloped by a myofilament/cytoskeletal lattice. Nanospacings between the SR and individual mitochondria are visible and in three dimensions as the SR contorts to accommodate these organelles. Direct connection of the SR and nuclear membranes is confirmed. Such 3D positioning of centrally located SR further informs us of its likely role in the manifestation of spatiotemporal Ca2+ dynamics: signal encoding may be facilitated by spatially directed release of Ca2+ to influence several processes crucial to vascular smooth muscle and resistance artery function including myofilament activation by Ca2+ waves, mitochondrial respiration and gene transcription.