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2013 ; 223
(4
): 311-20
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An investigation of cellular dynamics during the development of intramembranous
bones: the scleral ossicles
#MMPMID23930967
Jabalee J
; Hillier S
; Franz-Odendaal TA
J Anat
2013[Oct]; 223
(4
): 311-20
PMID23930967
show ga
The development of intramembranous bone is a dynamic and complex process
requiring highly coordinated cellular activities. Although the literature
describes the detailed cellular dynamics of early mesoderm-derived endochondral
bone, studies regarding neural crest-derived intramembranous bone have failed to
keep pace. We analyzed the development of chick scleral ossicles from the onset
of osteoid deposition to mineralization at morphological, histological, and
ultrastructural levels. We find that the mesenchymal condensations from which
ossicles develop change their shape from ellipsoidal to trapezoidal concurrent
with an increase in size. Furthermore, the size of an ossicle is dependent upon
its time of induction. Our histological analyses of condensation growth reveal
cell migration and osteoid secretion as key cellular processes determining
condensation size; these processes occur concomitantly to increase both the area
and thickness of condensations. We also describe the formation of the zone of
overlap between ossicles and conclude that the process is similar to that of
cranial suture formation. Finally, transmission electron microscopy of early
condensations demonstrates that early osteoblasts secrete collagen parallel to
the long axis of the condensation. This study elucidates fundamental mechanisms
of intramembranous bone development at the cellular level, furthering our
knowledge of this important process among vertebrates.