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2013 ; 190
(12
): 6457-67
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Identification of a novel mode of complement activation on stimulated platelets
mediated by properdin and C3(H2O)
#MMPMID23677468
Saggu G
; Cortes C
; Emch HN
; Ramirez G
; Worth RG
; Ferreira VP
J Immunol
2013[Jun]; 190
(12
): 6457-67
PMID23677468
show ga
Elevated numbers of activated platelets circulate in patients with chronic
inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis and coronary disease. Activated
platelets can activate the complement system. Although complement activation is
essential for immune responses and removal of spent cells from circulation, it
also contributes to inflammation and thrombosis, especially in patients with
defective complement regulation. Proinflammatory activated leukocytes, which
interact directly with platelets in response to vascular injury, are among the
main sources of properdin, a positive regulator of the alternative pathway. The
role of properdin in complement activation on stimulated platelets is unknown.
Our data show that physiological forms of human properdin bind directly to human
platelets after activation by strong agonists in the absence of C3, and bind
nonproportionally to surface CD62P expression. Activation of the alternative
pathway on activated platelets occurs when properdin is on the surface and
recruits C3b or C3(H2O) to form C3b,Bb or a novel cell-bound C3 convertase
[C3(H2O),Bb], which normally is present only in the fluid phase. Alternatively,
properdin can be recruited by C3(H2O) on the platelet surface, promoting
complement activation. Inhibition of factor H-mediated cell surface complement
regulation significantly increases complement deposition on activated platelets
with surface properdin. Finally, properdin released by activated neutrophils
binds to activated platelets. Altogether, these data suggest novel molecular
mechanisms for alternative pathway activation on stimulated platelets that may
contribute to localization of inflammation at sites of vascular injury and
thrombosis.