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2013 ; 9
(7
): e1003479
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Reprogramming of murine macrophages through TLR2 confers viral resistance via
TRAF3-mediated, enhanced interferon production
#MMPMID23853595
Perkins DJ
; Polumuri SK
; Pennini ME
; Lai W
; Xie P
; Vogel SN
PLoS Pathog
2013[]; 9
(7
): e1003479
PMID23853595
show ga
The cell surface/endosomal Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) are instrumental in
initiating immune responses to both bacteria and viruses. With the exception of
TLR2, all TLRs and cytosolic RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) with known virus-derived
ligands induce type I interferons (IFNs) in macrophages or dendritic cells.
Herein, we report that prior ligation of TLR2, an event previously shown to
induce "homo" or "hetero" tolerance, strongly "primes" macrophages for increased
Type I IFN production in response to subsequent TLR/RLR signaling. This occurs by
increasing activation of the transcription factor, IFN Regulatory Factor-3
(IRF-3) that, in turn, leads to enhanced induction of IFN-?, while expression of
other pro-inflammatory genes are suppressed (tolerized). In vitro or in vivo
"priming" of murine macrophages with TLR2 ligands increase virus-mediated IFN
induction and resistance to infection. This priming effect of TLR2 is mediated by
the selective upregulation of the K63 ubiquitin ligase, TRAF3. Thus, we provide a
mechanistic explanation for the observed antiviral actions of MyD88-dependent
TLR2 and further define the role of TRAF3 in viral innate immunity.
|*Cellular Reprogramming
[MESH]
|*Immunity, Innate
[MESH]
|*Up-Regulation
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Cell Line
[MESH]
|Cells, Cultured
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Influenza A virus/immunology
[MESH]
|Interferon Type I/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism
[MESH]