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10.1681/ASN.2012080783 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1681/ASN.2012080783 C3699824!3699824!23620395     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       J+Am+Soc+Nephrol 2013 ; 24 (7): 1139-50 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=23620395|t=2013. Maintenance of Endothelial Guanosine Triphosphate Cyclohydrolase I Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy |pdf=|usr=}}{{23620395}} gab.com Text Maintenance of Endothelial Guanosine Triphosphate Cyclohydrolase I Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy JO: J Am Soc Nephrol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=23620395 #FOAvip In diabetes, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces superoxide anion rather than nitric oxide, referred to as ?eNOS uncoupling,? which may contribute to endothelial dysfunction, albuminuria, and diabetic nephropathy. Reduced levels of endothelium-derived tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for eNOS, promote eNOS uncoupling. Accelerated degradation of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH I), the rate-limiting enzyme in BH4 biosynthesis, also occurs in diabetes, suggesting that GTPCH I may have a role in diabetic microvascular disease. Here, we crossed endothelium-dominant GTPCH I transgenic mice with Ins2+/Akita diabetic mice and found that endothelial overexpression of GTPCH I led to higher levels of intrarenal BH4 and lower levels of urinary albumin and reactive oxygen species compared with diabetic control mice. Furthermore, GTPCH I overexpression attenuated the hyperpermeability of macromolecules observed in diabetic control mice. In addition, we treated Ins2+/Akita mice with metformin, which activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and thereby slows the degradation of GTPCH I; despite blood glucose levels that were similar to untreated mice, those treated with metformin had significantly less albuminuria. Similarly, in vitro, treating human glomerular endothelial cells with AMPK activators attenuated glucose-induced reductions in phospho-AMPK, GTPCH I, and coupled eNOS. Taken together, these data suggest that maintenance of endothelial GTPCH I expression and the resulting improvement in BH4 biosynthesis ameliorate diabetic nephropathy. Twit Text FOAVip Maintenance of Endothelial Guanosine Triphosphate Cyclohydrolase I Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy ????J Am Soc Nephrol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=23620395 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=23620395 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|23620395}}</ref> Maintenance of Endothelial Guanosine Triphosphate Cyclohydrolase I Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy #MMPMID23620395 Kidokoro K; Satoh M; Channon KM; Yada T; Sasaki T; Kashihara N J Am Soc Nephrol 2013[Jun]; 24 (7): 1139-50 PMID23620395show ga In diabetes, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces superoxide anion rather than nitric oxide, referred to as ?eNOS uncoupling,? which may contribute to endothelial dysfunction, albuminuria, and diabetic nephropathy. Reduced levels of endothelium-derived tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for eNOS, promote eNOS uncoupling. Accelerated degradation of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH I), the rate-limiting enzyme in BH4 biosynthesis, also occurs in diabetes, suggesting that GTPCH I may have a role in diabetic microvascular disease. Here, we crossed endothelium-dominant GTPCH I transgenic mice with Ins2+/Akita diabetic mice and found that endothelial overexpression of GTPCH I led to higher levels of intrarenal BH4 and lower levels of urinary albumin and reactive oxygen species compared with diabetic control mice. Furthermore, GTPCH I overexpression attenuated the hyperpermeability of macromolecules observed in diabetic control mice. In addition, we treated Ins2+/Akita mice with metformin, which activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and thereby slows the degradation of GTPCH I; despite blood glucose levels that were similar to untreated mice, those treated with metformin had significantly less albuminuria. Similarly, in vitro, treating human glomerular endothelial cells with AMPK activators attenuated glucose-induced reductions in phospho-AMPK, GTPCH I, and coupled eNOS. Taken together, these data suggest that maintenance of endothelial GTPCH I expression and the resulting improvement in BH4 biosynthesis ameliorate diabetic nephropathy. äMaintenance of Endothelial Guanosine Triphosphate Cyclohydrolase I Ame(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing