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2013 ; 288
(26
): 18834-41
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CD163 binding to haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes involves a dual-point
electrostatic receptor-ligand pairing
#MMPMID23671278
Nielsen MJ
; Andersen CB
; Moestrup SK
J Biol Chem
2013[Jun]; 288
(26
): 18834-41
PMID23671278
show ga
Formation of the haptoglobin (Hp)-hemoglobin (Hb) complex in human plasma leads
to a high affinity recognition by the endocytic macrophage receptor CD163. A fast
segregation of Hp-Hb from CD163 occurs at endosomal conditions (pH <6.5). The
ligand binding site of CD163 has previously been shown to involve the scavenger
receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domain 3. This domain and the adjacent SRCR domain
2 of CD163 contain a consensus motif for a calcium-coordinated acidic amino acid
triad cluster as originally identified in the SRCR domain of the scavenger
receptor MARCO. Here we show that site-directed mutagenesis in each of these
acidic triads of SRCR domains 2 and 3 abrogates the high affinity binding of
recombinant CD163 to Hp-Hb. In the ligand, Hp Arg-252 and Lys-262, both present
in a previously identified CD163 binding loop of Hp, were revealed as essential
residues for the high affinity receptor binding. These findings are in accordance
with pairing of the calcium-coordinated acidic clusters in SRCR domains 2 and 3
with the two basic Arg/Lys residues in the Hp loop. Such a two-point
electrostatic pairing is mechanistically similar to the pH-sensitive pairings
disclosed in crystal structures of ligands in complex with tandem LDL receptor
repeats or tandem CUB domains in other endocytic receptors.