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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 J+Cereb+Blood+Flow+Metab 2013 ; 33 (6): 944-53 Nephropedia Template TP
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Detrimental effects of leptin on intracerebral hemorrhage via the STAT3 signal pathway #MMPMID23462572
Kim CK; Ryu WS; Choi IY; Kim YJ; Rim D; Kim BJ; Jang H; Yoon BW; Lee SH
Leptin, one of the most important adipokines, is not only an energy regulator but also a regulator of innate immunity. Inflammation plays a key role in the tissue damage after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and we sought to investigate whether leptin has a detrimental effect on ICH. After the injection of a high replacement dose (0.04?mg/kg) and two pharmacologic doses (4 and 8?mg/kg) of leptin, brain water contents increased significantly compared with that of control mice (P<0.05), which was confirmed when comparing the results with leptin-deficient ob/ob and wild-type (WT) mice (78.8%±0.6% versus 79.7%±0.6%, P<0.05). The number of Ox6-positive microglia/macrophages was increased in the leptin-injected group and decreased in ob/ob compared with WT mice. Among the candidate signal transducers, an increase in signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) levels was found after leptin injection. When we administered NSC74859, a specific inhibitor of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3), the water content became normalized. Activity of pSTAT3 was found mainly in Ox6-positive microglia/macrophages, but not in either neurons or astrocytes. We demonstrate that leptin plays a critical role in the secondary brain injury around a hematoma and is a novel mediator of the inflammation. This detrimental effect of leptin on ICH is mediated by the STAT3 signaling pathway in inflammatory cells.