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2013 ; 111
(6
): 1243-50
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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The diversity, ecology and evolution of extrafloral nectaries: current
perspectives and future challenges
#MMPMID23704115
Marazzi B
; Bronstein JL
; Koptur S
Ann Bot
2013[Jun]; 111
(6
): 1243-50
PMID23704115
show ga
BACKGROUND: Plants in over one hundred families in habitats worldwide bear
extrafloral nectaries (EFNs). EFNs display a remarkable diversity of evolutionary
origins, as well as diverse morphology and location on the plant. They secrete
extrafloral nectar, a carbohydrate-rich food that attracts ants and other
arthropods, many of which protect the plant in return. By fostering ecologically
important protective mutualisms, EFNs play a significant role in structuring both
plant and animal communities. And yet researchers are only now beginning to
appreciate their importance and the range of ecological, evolutionary and
morphological diversity that EFNs exhibit. SCOPE: This Highlight features a
series of papers that illustrate some of the newest directions in the study of
EFNs. Here, we introduce this set of papers by providing an overview of current
understanding and new insights on EFN diversity, ecology and evolution. We
highlight major gaps in our current knowledge, and outline future research
directions. CONCLUSIONS: Our understanding of the roles EFNs play in plant
biology is being revolutionized with the use of new tools from developmental
biology and genomics, new modes of analysis allowing hypothesis-testing in
large-scale phylogenetic frameworks, and new levels of inquiry extending to
community-scale interaction networks. But many central questions remain
unanswered; indeed, many have not yet been asked. Thus, the EFN puzzle remains an
intriguing challenge for the future.