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2013 ; 4
(4
): 383-9
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Prevention and treatment of respiratory consequences induced by sulfur mustard in
Iranian casualties
#MMPMID23671768
Razavi SM
; Salamati P
; Harandi AA
; Ghanei M
Int J Prev Med
2013[Apr]; 4
(4
): 383-9
PMID23671768
show ga
BACKGROUND: About 100,000 Iranian have been exposed to chemical weapons during
Iraq-Iran conflict (1980-88). After being spent of more than two decades, still
about 30,000 of them are under follow-up treatment. The main aim of this study
was to review various preventive and therapeutic methods for injured patients
with sulfur mustard in different phases. METHODS: For gathering information, we
have used the electronic databases including Scopus, Medline, ISI, IranMedex,
Irandoc sites. According to this search strategy, 104 published articles
associated to respiratory problems and among them 50 articles related to
prevention and treatment of respiratory problems were found and reviewed.
RESULTS: There is not any curative treatment for sulfur mustard induced lung
injuries, but some valuable experienced measures for prevention and palliative
treatments are available. Some useful measures in acute phase include:
Symptomatic management, oxygen supplementation, tracheostomy in laryngospasm, use
of moist air, respiratory physical therapy, mucolytic agents and bronchodilators.
In the chronic phases, these measures include: Periodic clinical examinations,
administration of inhaled corticosteroids alone or with long-acting beta 2
agonists, use of antioxidants, magnesium ions, long term oxygen supplement,
therapeutic bronchoscopy, laser therapy, and use of respiratory tract stents.
CONCLUSIONS: Most treatments are symptomatic but using preventive points
immediately after exposure could improve following outcomes.