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10.1371/journal.pone.0056602 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1371/journal.pone.0056602 C3575477!3575477 !23441208     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=23441208 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Phenotypic differences in virulence and immune response in closely related clinical isolates of influenza A 2009 H1N1 pandemic viruses in mice |pdf=|usr=}}{{23441208 }} gab.com Text Phenotypic differences in virulence and immune response in closely related clinical isolates of influenza A 2009 H1N1 pandemic viruses in mice JO: PLoS One http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=23441208 #FOAvip To capture the possible genotypic and phenotypic differences of the 2009 influenza A virus H1N1 pandemic (H1N1pdm) strains circulating in adult hospitalized patients, we isolated and sequenced nine H1N1pdm viruses from patients hospitalized during 2009-2010 with severe influenza pneumonia in Kentucky. Each viral isolate was characterized in mice along with two additional H1N1 pandemic strains and one seasonal strain to assess replication and virulence. All isolates showed similar levels of replication in nasal turbinates and lung, but varied in their ability to cause morbidity. Further differences were identified in cytokine and chemokine responses. IL-6 and KC were expressed early in mice infected with strains associated with higher virulence. Strains that showed lower pathogenicity in mice had greater IFN?, MIG, and IL-10 responses. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the cytokine and chemokine profiles revealed 4 immune response phenotypes that correlated with the severity of disease. A/KY/180/10, which showed the greatest virulence with a rapid onset of disease progression, was compared in additional studies with A/KY/136/09, which showed low virulence in mice. Analyses comparing a low (KY/136) versus a high (KY/180) virulent isolate showed a significant difference in the kinetics of infection within the lower respiratory tract and immune responses. Notably by 4 DPI, virus titers within the lung, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALf), and cells within the BAL (BALc) revealed that the KY/136 replicated in BALc, while KY/180 replication persisted in lungs and BALc. In summary, our studies suggest four phenotypic groups based on immune responses that result in different virulence outcomes in H1N1pdm isolates with a high degree of genetic similarity. In vitro studies with two of these isolates suggested that the more virulent isolate, KY/180, replicates productively in macrophages and this may be a key determinant in tipping the response toward a more severe disease progression. Twit Text FOAVip Phenotypic differences in virulence and immune response in closely related clinical isolates of influenza A 2009 H1N1 pandemic viruses in mice ????PLoS One http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=23441208 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=23441208 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|23441208 }}</ref> Phenotypic differences in virulence and immune response in closely related clinical isolates of influenza A 2009 H1N1 pandemic viruses in mice #MMPMID23441208 Camp JV ; Chu YK ; Chung DH ; McAllister RC ; Adcock RS ; Gerlach RL ; Wiemken TL ; Peyrani P ; Ramirez JA ; Summersgill JT ; Jonsson CB PLoS One 2013[]; 8 (2 ): e56602 PMID23441208 show ga To capture the possible genotypic and phenotypic differences of the 2009 influenza A virus H1N1 pandemic (H1N1pdm) strains circulating in adult hospitalized patients, we isolated and sequenced nine H1N1pdm viruses from patients hospitalized during 2009-2010 with severe influenza pneumonia in Kentucky. Each viral isolate was characterized in mice along with two additional H1N1 pandemic strains and one seasonal strain to assess replication and virulence. All isolates showed similar levels of replication in nasal turbinates and lung, but varied in their ability to cause morbidity. Further differences were identified in cytokine and chemokine responses. IL-6 and KC were expressed early in mice infected with strains associated with higher virulence. Strains that showed lower pathogenicity in mice had greater IFN?, MIG, and IL-10 responses. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the cytokine and chemokine profiles revealed 4 immune response phenotypes that correlated with the severity of disease. A/KY/180/10, which showed the greatest virulence with a rapid onset of disease progression, was compared in additional studies with A/KY/136/09, which showed low virulence in mice. Analyses comparing a low (KY/136) versus a high (KY/180) virulent isolate showed a significant difference in the kinetics of infection within the lower respiratory tract and immune responses. Notably by 4 DPI, virus titers within the lung, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALf), and cells within the BAL (BALc) revealed that the KY/136 replicated in BALc, while KY/180 replication persisted in lungs and BALc. In summary, our studies suggest four phenotypic groups based on immune responses that result in different virulence outcomes in H1N1pdm isolates with a high degree of genetic similarity. In vitro studies with two of these isolates suggested that the more virulent isolate, KY/180, replicates productively in macrophages and this may be a key determinant in tipping the response toward a more severe disease progression. |*Phenotype [MESH] |Adult [MESH] |Animals [MESH] |Antibodies, Viral/blood/immunology [MESH] |Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology/immunology [MESH] |Cell Line [MESH] |Cytokines/metabolism [MESH] |Female [MESH] |Genes, Viral [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology [MESH] |Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification/*physiology [MESH] |Influenza, Human/immunology/virology [MESH] |Lung/immunology/metabolism/virology [MESH] |Macrophages/immunology/virology [MESH] |Male [MESH] |Mice [MESH] |Middle Aged [MESH] |Orthomyxoviridae Infections/*immunology/mortality/*virology [MESH] |Principal Component Analysis [MESH] |Virulence [MESH] |Virus Replication [MESH]Phenotypic differences in virulence and immune response in closely rel(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing