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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 269.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Toxicon 2012 ; 59 (4): 529-46 Nephropedia Template TP
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Development of a sea anemone toxin as an immunomodulator for therapy of autoimmune diseases #MMPMID21867724
Chi V; Pennington MW; Norton RS; Tarcha E; Londono L; Sims-Fahey B; Upadhyay SK; Lakey JT; Iadonato S; Wulff H; Beeton C; Chandy KG
Toxicon 2012[Mar]; 59 (4): 529-46 PMID21867724show ga
Electrophysiological and pharmacological studies coupled with molecular identification have revealed a unique network of ion channels?Kv1.3, KCa3.1, CRAC (Orai1 + Stim1), TRPM7, Clswell?in lymphocytes that initiates and maintains the calcium signaling cascade required for activation. The expression pattern of these channels changes during lymphocyte activation and differentiation, allowing the functional network to adapt during an immune response. The Kv1.3 channel is of interest because it plays a critical role in subsets of T and B lymphocytes implicated in autoimmune disorders. The ShK toxin from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus is a potent blocker of Kv1.3. ShK-186, a synthetic analog of ShK, is being developed as a therapeutic for autoimmune diseases, and is scheduled to begin first-in-man phase-1 trials in 2011. This review describes the journey that has led to the development of ShK-186.