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2012 ; 7
(1
): e29443
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Influenza virus A infection of human monocyte and macrophage subpopulations
reveals increased susceptibility associated with cell differentiation
#MMPMID22238612
Hoeve MA
; Nash AA
; Jackson D
; Randall RE
; Dransfield I
PLoS One
2012[]; 7
(1
): e29443
PMID22238612
show ga
Influenza virus infection accounts for significant morbidity and mortality
world-wide. Interactions of the virus with host cells, particularly those of the
macrophage lineage, are thought to contribute to various pathological changes
associated with poor patient outcome. Development of new strategies to treat
disease therefore requires a detailed understanding of the impact of virus
infection upon cellular responses. Here we report that human blood-derived
monocytes could be readily infected with the H3N2 influenza virus A/Udorn/72
(Udorn), irrespective of their phenotype (CD14(++)/CD16(-), CD14(++)/CD16(+) or
CD14(dim)CD16(++)), as determined by multi-colour flow cytometry for viral
haemagglutinin (HA) expression and cell surface markers 8-16 hours post
infection. Monocytes are relatively resistant to influenza-induced cell death
early in infection, as approximately 20% of cells showed influenza-induced
caspase-dependent apoptosis. Infection of monocytes with Udorn also induced the
release of IL-6, IL-8, TNF? and IP-10, suggesting that NS1 protein of Udorn does
not (effectively) inhibit this host defence response in human monocytes.
Comparative analysis of human monocyte-derived macrophages (Mph) demonstrated
greater susceptibility to human influenza virus than monocytes, with the majority
of both pro-inflammatory Mph1 and anti-inflammatory/regulatory Mph2 cells
expressing viral HA after infection with Udorn. Influenza infection of
macrophages also induced cytokine and chemokine production. However, both Mph1
and Mph2 phenotypes released comparable amounts of TNF?, IL-12p40 and IP-10 after
infection with H3N2, in marked contrast to differential responses to
LPS-stimulation. In addition, we found that influenza virus infection augmented
the capacity of poorly phagocytic Mph1 cells to phagocytose apoptotic cells by a
mechanism that was independent of either IL-10 or the Mer receptor tyrosine
kinase/Protein S pathway. In summary, our data reveal that influenza virus
infection of human macrophages causes functional alterations that may impact on
the process of resolution of inflammation, with implications for viral clearance
and lung pathology.