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Emerging Tim-3 functions in anti-microbial and tumor immunity #MMPMID21697013
Sakuishi K; Jayaraman P; Behar SM; Anderson AC; Kuchroo VK
Trends Immunol 2011[Aug]; 32 (8): 345-9 PMID21697013show ga
T cell immunoglobulin-3 (Tim-3) was identified as a marker of differentiated IFN-?-producing CD4+ T helper type 1 and CD8+ T cytotoxic type 1 cells. The interaction of Tim-3 with its ligand, galectin-9 (Gal-9), induces cell death and in vivo blockade of this interaction results in exacerbated autoimmunity and abrogation of tolerance in experimental models, establishing Tim-3 as a negative regulatory molecule. Recent studies have uncovered additional mechanisms by which Tim-3 negatively regulates T cell responses, such as by promoting the development of CD8+ T cell exhaustion and inducing expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). In contrast to this inhibitory effect on T cells, Tim-3-Gal-9 interaction promotes macrophage clearance of intracellular pathogens. Here, we will focus on the emerging role for Tim-3 in tumor and anti-microbial immunity.