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Virus-specific antigen presentation by different subsets of cells from lung and
mediastinal lymph node tissues of influenza virus-infected mice
#MMPMID7666537
Hamilton-Easton A
; Eichelberger M
J Virol
1995[Oct]; 69
(10
): 6359-66
PMID7666537
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Immune responses at mucosal sites are thought to be initiated in the draining
lymph nodes, where dendritic cells present viral antigens and induce naive T
cells to proliferate and to become effectors. Formal proof that
antigen-presenting cells (APC) do indeed localize to the regional lymph nodes has
been lacking for viral infections of the respiratory tract. Influenza virus was
detected in the draining mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) early after intranasal
inoculation, with peak virus titers in this tissue measured at 2 days
postinfection. Virus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses were first
detected in the MLN 1 day later. Macrophages, dendritic cells, and B lymphocytes
were isolated from influenza virus-infected mice and assayed for the capacity to
stimulate a major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted virus-specific
T-cell hybridoma. All APC populations from lungs and MLN contained virus and thus
had the potential to present antigen to CD8+ T cells. The APC recovered from the
lungs of influenza virus-infected mice and dendritic cells from the MLN were able
to stimulate virus-specific responses. The lack of a virus-specific T-cell
response to B cells corresponds to the small number of virus-positive B
lymphocytes in the MLN. These results indicate that dendritic cells and
macrophages are antigen positive in mice acutely infected with an influenza A
virus and that dendritic cells are probably responsible for initiating the
cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response to influenza virus in the draining lymph nodes.
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