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The anticancer effect of ?-irradiation synthesized selenium nanoparticles
stabilized in ?-glucan on HepG2 cell proliferation via apoptosis induction and
cell cycle arrest
#MMPMID41384145
Tran DT
; Nguyen TV
; Nguyen TD
; Nguyen VL
; Le QL
Nanoscale Adv
2025[Dec]; ? (?): ? PMID41384145
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The product of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) stabilized in water-soluble yeast
?-glucan (SeNPs/?-glucan) was successfully synthesized by ?-ray irradiation on a
scale of 3 liters per batch. The analysis results of its transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) image showed that SeNPs in the product were spherical with an
average actual particle size of about 63.3 nm, while dynamic light scattering
(DLS) analyses indicated that the average hydrodynamic particle size of the
product was about 93.5 nm with a narrow distribution and negative zeta potential
value (-10.1 mV). In addition, the results also showed the hydrodynamic particle
size and size distribution of the product slightly increased after storage for 60
days at 4 °C, whereas a more pronounced increase was observed when stored at room
temperature (25 °C). Besides, the structural characteristics of SeNPs/?-glucan
were also comprehensively analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman
spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to confirm the
crystal structure of the Se nanoparticles and their interaction with ?-glucan
molecules. The anticancer effects of SeNPs/?-glucan on the liver cancer cell line
(HepG2) were also investigated and the obtained results demonstrated that
SeNPs/?-glucan strongly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells with a half
maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of about 6.5 ppm, while its IC(50) on
the normal cell line (L929) was found to be 48.3 ppm, indicating very low
cytotoxicity. The selectivity index (SI) value of the product was determined to
be around 7.4, indicating selective toxicity toward cancer cells. Furthermore,
apoptosis assays demonstrated that SeNPs/?-glucan induced apoptosis and inhibited
the proliferation of HepG2 cells by triggering cell cycle arrest in the S and
G2/M phases in a dose-dependent manner. These findings provide a theoretical
foundation and experimental evidence supporting the potential applications of
SeNPs/?-glucan in the food and pharmaceutical fields.
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