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2025 ; 9
(1
): 328
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An integrated MRI-based diagnostic framework for glioma with incomplete imaging
sequences and imperfect annotations
#MMPMID41131374
Song P
; Shen C
; Fan Z
; Yin F
; Wu Y
; Liu F
; Zhao C
; Zeng W
; Xie X
; Wu G
; Yang B
; Shi Z
; Yu J
NPJ Precis Oncol
2025[Oct]; 9
(1
): 328
PMID41131374
show ga
Contemporary glioma diagnosis integrates molecular features (e.g., IDH, 1p/19q)
with histopathology to guide clinical decision-making. However, divergent imaging
protocols and variable molecular testing standards across institutions result in
pervasive data heterogeneity in multi-center studies. These inconsistencies
manifest as incomplete imaging sequences and missing annotations, hindering the
development of robust AI-driven diagnostic frameworks. To address this, we
propose SSL-MISS-Net (Self-Supervised Learning with MIssing-label encoding and
Semantic Synthesis), a unified framework that simultaneously tackles input-side
modality incompleteness via cross-modal self-supervised learning and output-side
annotation deficiencies through a missing-label synergistic strategy, thereby
reducing reliance on complete data. To our knowledge, this is the first study to
jointly address both challenges, effectively unlocking the diagnostic potential
of imperfect clinical data. We evaluated SSL-MISS-Net with five-fold
cross-validation and two independent test sets on multi-center cohorts (six
in-house datasets, three public repositories; N?=?2238). Compared with
sub-optimal methods AHI, SSL-MISS-Net achieved significant accuracy gains of 4%
(validation) and 10% (test) for integrated glioma diagnosis. Moreover, the
framework expanded the amount of clinically usable data by 256% and consistently
outperformed state-of-the-art methods trained on complete data. These results
demonstrate SSL-MISS-Net's clinical translatability and exceptional resilience to
data imperfections in neuro-oncology AI diagnostics.