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2025 ; 13
(7
): e70523
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Recent Advances in the Characterization of Food Biomacromolecules:
Polysaccharide, Protein, and Lipid
#MMPMID40590027
Falsafi SR
; Sebastian J
; Colussi R
; Ávila do Nascimento L
; Kemerli-Kalbaran T
; Yildirim-Yalcin M
; Adrian Garcia-Galicia I
; Sahin S
; Delia Alarcon-Rojo A
Food Sci Nutr
2025[Jul]; 13
(7
): e70523
PMID40590027
show ga
Polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids are indispensable biomacromolecules that
underpin the structure, functionality, and nutritional quality of food systems.
Their multifaceted roles, from imparting stability and texture to enabling
bioactive functions, are pivotal in the formulation of innovative and sustainable
food products. Yet, their structural complexity, diverse conformations, and
dynamic behaviors present formidable challenges in characterization. Recent
breakthroughs in advanced analytical techniques-spanning spectroscopic,
chromatographic, and imaging modalities-have revolutionized our ability to probe
these molecules at unprecedented resolutions. Tools such as multidimensional
nuclear magnetic resonance, cutting-edge mass spectrometry, and state-of-the-art
microscopy have illuminated the intricate branching of polysaccharides, the
conformational dynamics of proteins, and the amphiphilic properties of lipids.
This review delves into these technological advancements, explores their
transformative impact on understanding food biomacromolecules, and addresses the
enduring challenges posed by heterogeneous food matrices. By shaping future
directions, this work aims to foster innovation and expand the scientific
understanding of food systems.