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Simultaneous and sensitive quantification of protein and low molecular weight persulfides, polysulfides and H(2)S in biological samples #MMPMID41345365
Miljkovic JL; Burger N; Yu CS; Harkiss AH; Warrington S; Caldwell ST; Jones SA; Lee JJ; Aksentijevic D; James AM; Krieg T; Hartley RC; Murphy MP
Nat Commun 2025[Dec]; ? (?): ? PMID41345365show ga
H(2)S reversibly modifies low molecular weight (L(MW)SH) and protein (PrSH) thiols to form persulfides (RSS(-)) and polysulfides (RS(S)(n)S(-)) for antioxidant defence and regulation of activity. However, our understanding of the biological significance of these processes is hampered by our inability to quantify these modifications. We develop a sensitive LC-MS/MS procedure that traps the sulfur atom of H(2)S, and the terminal sulfur atom of RSS(-) and RS(S)(n)S(-) as diagnostic products in biological samples. In parallel, we also trap internal S atoms of RS(S)(n)S(-), enabling quantification of H(2)S, RSS(-) and RS(S)(n)S(-). L(MW)S(S)(n)S(-) and PrS(S)(n)S(-) are determined simultaneously in the same sample. Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant L(MW)SH so we develop an orthogonal approach to quantify GSS(-), enabling corroboration of L(MW)SS(-) measurements by sulfur atom trapping. We demonstrate in systems from proteins to ex vivo tissues how these approaches enable exploration of persulfidation in biological systems.