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Health outcomes in hospitalised and non-hospitalised individuals after COVID-19, an observational, cross-sectional study #MMPMID41345271
Nygren-Bonnier M; Svensson-Raskh A; Holmstrom L; Tornberg A; Svensson A; Loewenstein D; Regardt M; Bjornson M; Hallberg C; Kemani M; Mc Allister A; Korner Gustafsson J; Halvarsson A; Ekman U; Nordstrand L; Guidetti S; Anmyr L; Bragesjo M; Astrom Reitan J; Badinlou F; Dahl O; Akerman E; Villner P; Brodin P; Caidahl K; Stahlberg M; Fedorowski A; Skold M; Runold M; Bruchfeld J; Rydwik E
Commun Med (Lond) 2025[Dec]; 5 (1): 512 PMID41345271show ga
BACKGROUND: Both hospitalised (H) and non-hospitalised (NH) individuals may have different symptoms and impairments after COVID-19. We aimed to explore symptoms, mental and physical health after initial COVID-19 for both groups of individuals and the association between physical and mental impairments in relation to self-rated health status and to identify different cluster profiles. METHODS: Participants were recruited between June 2020 until December 2022 at the Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. Data was collected at first assessment after COVID-19 and consisted of demographics, medical history, symptoms and results from physical function tests and self-reported questionnaires. RESULTS: Here we show that among 931 participants, the H-group are older (mean age 56.7 years) and predominantly male (72%), while the NH-group are younger (mean age 44.4 years) and mostly female (84%). Fatigue, dyspnoea, joint pain, paraesthesia, and chest pressure are common symptoms reported across all participants. Physical function is lower than predicted in both groups and the NH-group have higher prevalence of depression and fatigue. These impairments together with dyspnoea, number of symptoms and sick leave are also associated with reduced self-rated health. Four specific cluster profiles have been identified, and 66.4% of the participants have severe to moderate impairments. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the initial level of care approximately two-thirds of the participants exhibit various physical and mental impairments associated to self-rated health after COVID-19. We propose that defining specific cluster profiles is crucial for tailoring management of post-COVID sequelae. Further long-term studies are needed to understand recovery trajectories to optimise targeted interventions.
Commun+Med+(Lond) 2025 ; 5 (1): 512
