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Influence of COVID-19 Prevention and Control Measures on PM(2 5) Concentration, Particle Size Distribution, Chemical Composition, and Source in Zhengzhou, China #MMPMID35686753
Huang BY; Wang SB; He B; Xue RY; Gao GY; Zhang RQ
Huan Jing Ke Xue 2022[Jun]; 43 (6): 2840-2850 PMID35686753show ga
The COVID-19 lockdown was a typical occurrence of extreme emission reduction, which presented an opportunity to study the influence of control measures on particulate matter. Observations were conducted from January 16 to 31, 2020 using online observation instruments to investigate the characteristics of PM(2.5) concentration, particle size distribution, chemical composition, source, and transport before (January 16-23, 2020) and during (January 24-31, 2020) the COVID-19 lockdown in Zhengzhou. The results showed that the atmospheric PM(2.5) concentration decreased by 4.8% during the control period compared with that before the control in Zhengzhou. The particle size distribution characteristics indicated that there was a significant decrease in the mass concentration and number concentration of particles in the size range of 0.06 to 1.6 mum during the control period. The chemical composition characteristics of PM(2.5) showed that secondary inorganic ions (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium) were the dominant component of PM(2.5), and the significant increase in PM(2.5) was mainly owing to the decrease in NO(3)(-) concentration during the control period. The main sources of PM(2.5) identified by the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model were secondary sources, combustion sources, vehicle sources, industrial sources, and dust sources. The emissions from vehicle sources, industrial sources, and dust sources decreased significantly during the control period. The results of analyses using the backward trajectory method and potential source contribution factor method indicated that the effects of transport from surrounding areas on PM(2.5) concentration decreased during the control period. In summary, vehicle and industrial sources should be continuously controlled, and regional combined prevention and control should be strengthened in the future in Zhengzhou.
Huan+Jing+Ke+Xue 2022 ; 43 (6): 2840-2850
