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10.1007/s12325-022-02150-0 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1007/s12325-022-02150-0 35508845!9067555!35508845     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Adv+Ther 2022 ; 39 (6): 2999-3010 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=35508845|t=2022. Changes in Refractive Error Under COVID-19: A 3-Year Follow-up Study |pdf=|usr=}}{{35508845}} gab.com Text Changes in Refractive Error Under COVID-19: A 3-Year Follow-up Study JO: Adv Ther http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=35508845 #FOAvip INTRODUCTION: To investigate changes in refractive error in schoolchildren before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This study included 2792 students, who underwent a 3-year follow-up from 2018 to 2020. All participants underwent yearly noncycloplegic refraction and ocular examinations. Time-related changes in sphere, cylinder, and spherical equivalent (SE) measurements in both genders were analyzed. RESULTS: The myopic sphere (- 0.78 +/- 1.83 vs. - 1.03 +/- 1.91 D; P = 0.025) and SE (- 1.04 +/- 1.90 vs. - 1.32 +/- 1.99 D; P = 0.015) progressed significantly from 2018 to 2019. Female participants had a significantly greater change in SE than male participants (P < 0.05), and the low hyperopia, emmetropia, and mild myopia groups significantly deteriorated (P < 0.001) from 2018 to 2019. Significant differences in sphere change (- 0.21 +/- 0.97 vs. - 0.36 +/- 0.96 D; P < 0.001) and SE change (- 0.23 +/- 0.99 vs. - 0.38 +/- 0.98 D; P < 0.001) were noted between 2019-2018 and 2020-2019, respectively. The respective changes in cylinder were statistically similar (- 0.03 +/- 0.53 vs. - 0.05 +/- 0.62 D; P = 0.400). CONCLUSIONS: The refractive status of schoolchildren showed an increasing myopic shift trend before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The low hyperopia, emmetropia, and mild myopia groups were more sensitive to environmental changes during COVID-19 than before. The myopic shift was greater in female participants than male participants. Twit Text FOAVip Changes in Refractive Error Under COVID-19: A 3-Year Follow-up Study ????Adv Ther http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=35508845 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=35508845 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|35508845}}</ref> Changes in Refractive Error Under COVID-19: A 3-Year Follow-up Study #MMPMID35508845 Yang X; Fan Q; Zhang Y; Chen X; Jiang Y; Zou H; Li M; Li L; Wang Y Adv Ther 2022[Jun]; 39 (6): 2999-3010 PMID35508845show ga INTRODUCTION: To investigate changes in refractive error in schoolchildren before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This study included 2792 students, who underwent a 3-year follow-up from 2018 to 2020. All participants underwent yearly noncycloplegic refraction and ocular examinations. Time-related changes in sphere, cylinder, and spherical equivalent (SE) measurements in both genders were analyzed. RESULTS: The myopic sphere (- 0.78 +/- 1.83 vs. - 1.03 +/- 1.91 D; P = 0.025) and SE (- 1.04 +/- 1.90 vs. - 1.32 +/- 1.99 D; P = 0.015) progressed significantly from 2018 to 2019. Female participants had a significantly greater change in SE than male participants (P < 0.05), and the low hyperopia, emmetropia, and mild myopia groups significantly deteriorated (P < 0.001) from 2018 to 2019. Significant differences in sphere change (- 0.21 +/- 0.97 vs. - 0.36 +/- 0.96 D; P < 0.001) and SE change (- 0.23 +/- 0.99 vs. - 0.38 +/- 0.98 D; P < 0.001) were noted between 2019-2018 and 2020-2019, respectively. The respective changes in cylinder were statistically similar (- 0.03 +/- 0.53 vs. - 0.05 +/- 0.62 D; P = 0.400). CONCLUSIONS: The refractive status of schoolchildren showed an increasing myopic shift trend before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The low hyperopia, emmetropia, and mild myopia groups were more sensitive to environmental changes during COVID-19 than before. The myopic shift was greater in female participants than male participants. |*COVID-19[MESH] |*Hyperopia/epidemiology[MESH] |*Myopia/epidemiology[MESH] |*Refractive Errors/epidemiology[MESH] |Child[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Follow-Up Studies[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Male[MESH]Changes in Refractive Error Under COVID-19: A 3-Year Follow-up Study (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing