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Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Against SARS-CoV-2 After Natural Infection Is More Potent Than After Vaccination #MMPMID35323975
Rieke GJ; van Bremen K; Bischoff J; ToVinh M; Monin MB; Schlabe S; Raabe J; Kaiser KM; Finnemann C; Odainic A; Kudaliyanage A; Latz E; Strassburg CP; Boesecke C; Schmidt SV; Kramer B; Rockstroh JK; Nattermann J
J Infect Dis 2022[May]; 225 (10): 1688-1693 PMID35323975show ga
We compared the ability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike-specific antibodies to induce natural killer cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in patients with natural infection and vaccinated persons. Analyzing plasma samples from 39 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and 11 vaccinated individuals, significant induction of ADCC could be observed over a period of more than 3 months in both vaccinated and recovered individuals. Although plasma antibody concentrations were lower in recovered patients, we found antibodies elicited by natural infection induced a significantly stronger ADCC response compared to those induced by vaccination, which may affect protection conferred by vaccination.