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Multiscale PHATE identifies multimodal signatures of COVID-19 #MMPMID35228707
Kuchroo M; Huang J; Wong P; Grenier JC; Shung D; Tong A; Lucas C; Klein J; Burkhardt DB; Gigante S; Godavarthi A; Rieck B; Israelow B; Simonov M; Mao T; Oh JE; Silva J; Takahashi T; Odio CD; Casanovas-Massana A; Fournier J; Farhadian S; Dela Cruz CS; Ko AI; Hirn MJ; Wilson FP; Hussin JG; Wolf G; Iwasaki A; Krishnaswamy S
Nat Biotechnol 2022[May]; 40 (5): 681-691 PMID35228707show ga
As the biomedical community produces datasets that are increasingly complex and high dimensional, there is a need for more sophisticated computational tools to extract biological insights. We present Multiscale PHATE, a method that sweeps through all levels of data granularity to learn abstracted biological features directly predictive of disease outcome. Built on a coarse-graining process called diffusion condensation, Multiscale PHATE learns a data topology that can be analyzed at coarse resolutions for high-level summarizations of data and at fine resolutions for detailed representations of subsets. We apply Multiscale PHATE to a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) dataset with 54 million cells from 168 hospitalized patients and find that patients who die show CD16(hi)CD66b(lo) neutrophil and IFN-gamma(+) granzyme B(+) Th17 cell responses. We also show that population groupings from Multiscale PHATE directly fed into a classifier predict disease outcome more accurately than naive featurizations of the data. Multiscale PHATE is broadly generalizable to different data types, including flow cytometry, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), single-cell sequencing assay for transposase-accessible chromatin (scATAC-seq), and clinical variables.