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10.3389/fimmu.2021.756262

http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3389/fimmu.2021.756262
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34858409!8632002!34858409
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suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid34858409      Front+Immunol 2021 ; 12 (ä): 756262
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  • Why Females Do Better: The X Chromosomal TLR7 Gene-Dose Effect in COVID-19 #MMPMID34858409
  • Spiering AE; de Vries TJ
  • Front Immunol 2021[]; 12 (ä): 756262 PMID34858409show ga
  • A male sex bias has emerged in the COVID-19 pandemic, fitting to the sex-biased pattern in other viral infections. Males are 2.84 times more often admitted to the ICU and mortality is 1.39 times higher as a result of COVID-19. Various factors play a role in this, and novel studies suggest that the gene-dose of Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 7 could contribute to the sex-skewed severity. TLR7 is one of the crucial pattern recognition receptors for SARS-CoV-2 ssRNA and the gene-dose effect is caused by X chromosome inactivation (XCI) escape. Female immune cells with TLR7 XCI escape have biallelic TLR7 expression and produce more type 1 interferon (IFN) upon TLR7 stimulation. In COVID-19, TLR7 in plasmacytoid dendritic cells is one of the pattern recognition receptors responsible for IFN production and a delayed IFN response has been associated with immunopathogenesis and mortality. Here, we provide a hypothesis that females may be protected to some extend against severe COVID-19, due to the biallelic TLR7 expression, allowing them to mount a stronger and more protective IFN response early after infection. Studies exploring COVID-19 treatment via the TLR7-mediated IFN pathway should consider this sex difference. Various factors such as age, sex hormones and escape modulation remain to be investigated concerning the TLR7 gene-dose effect.
  • |COVID-19 Drug Treatment[MESH]
  • |COVID-19/*mortality/pathology[MESH]
  • |Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics[MESH]
  • |Critical Care/statistics & numerical data[MESH]
  • |Dendritic Cells/immunology[MESH]
  • |Female[MESH]
  • |Gene Dosage/*genetics[MESH]
  • |Humans[MESH]
  • |Interferon Type I/*biosynthesis/immunology[MESH]
  • |Male[MESH]
  • |RNA, Viral/genetics[MESH]
  • |Receptors, Pattern Recognition/genetics/metabolism[MESH]
  • |Risk Factors[MESH]
  • |SARS-CoV-2/immunology[MESH]
  • |Sex Factors[MESH]
  • |Signal Transduction/immunology[MESH]
  • |Toll-Like Receptor 7/*genetics/*metabolism[MESH]


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