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10.1073/pnas.2110117118 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1073/pnas.2110117118 34857639!8670465!34857639     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Proc+Natl+Acad+Sci+U+S+A 2021 ; 118 (49): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=34857639|t=2021. An upper bound on one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles |pdf=|usr=}}{{34857639}} gab.com Text An upper bound on one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles JO: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34857639 #FOAvip There is ample evidence that masking and social distancing are effective in reducing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. However, due to the complexity of airborne disease transmission, it is difficult to quantify their effectiveness, especially in the case of one-to-one exposure. Here, we introduce the concept of an upper bound for one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles and apply it to SARS-CoV-2. To calculate exposure and infection risk, we use a comprehensive database on respiratory particle size distribution; exhalation flow physics; leakage from face masks of various types and fits measured on human subjects; consideration of ambient particle shrinkage due to evaporation; and rehydration, inhalability, and deposition in the susceptible airways. We find, for a typical SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectious dose, that social distancing alone, even at 3.0 m between two speaking individuals, leads to an upper bound of 90% for risk of infection after a few minutes. If only the susceptible wears a face mask with infectious speaking at a distance of 1.5 m, the upper bound drops very significantly; that is, with a surgical mask, the upper bound reaches 90% after 30 min, and, with an FFP2 mask, it remains at about 20% even after 1 h. When both wear a surgical mask, while the infectious is speaking, the very conservative upper bound remains below 30% after 1 h, but, when both wear a well-fitting FFP2 mask, it is 0.4%. We conclude that wearing appropriate masks in the community provides excellent protection for others and oneself, and makes social distancing less important. Twit Text FOAVip An upper bound on one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles ????Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34857639 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34857639 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|34857639}}</ref> An upper bound on one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles #MMPMID34857639 Bagheri G; Thiede B; Hejazi B; Schlenczek O; Bodenschatz E Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021[Dec]; 118 (49): ä PMID34857639show ga There is ample evidence that masking and social distancing are effective in reducing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. However, due to the complexity of airborne disease transmission, it is difficult to quantify their effectiveness, especially in the case of one-to-one exposure. Here, we introduce the concept of an upper bound for one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles and apply it to SARS-CoV-2. To calculate exposure and infection risk, we use a comprehensive database on respiratory particle size distribution; exhalation flow physics; leakage from face masks of various types and fits measured on human subjects; consideration of ambient particle shrinkage due to evaporation; and rehydration, inhalability, and deposition in the susceptible airways. We find, for a typical SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectious dose, that social distancing alone, even at 3.0 m between two speaking individuals, leads to an upper bound of 90% for risk of infection after a few minutes. If only the susceptible wears a face mask with infectious speaking at a distance of 1.5 m, the upper bound drops very significantly; that is, with a surgical mask, the upper bound reaches 90% after 30 min, and, with an FFP2 mask, it remains at about 20% even after 1 h. When both wear a surgical mask, while the infectious is speaking, the very conservative upper bound remains below 30% after 1 h, but, when both wear a well-fitting FFP2 mask, it is 0.4%. We conclude that wearing appropriate masks in the community provides excellent protection for others and oneself, and makes social distancing less important. |Adult[MESH] |COVID-19/prevention & control/virology[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Male[MESH] |Masks/*virology[MESH] |Respiratory Tract Infections/*prevention & control/*virology[MESH]An upper bound on one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing