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10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00433

http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00433
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34856799!ä!34856799

suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid34856799      ACS+Infect+Dis 2022 ; 8 (1): 29-58
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  • Structure and Mutations of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein: A Focused Overview #MMPMID34856799
  • Mehra R; Kepp KP
  • ACS Infect Dis 2022[Jan]; 8 (1): 29-58 PMID34856799show ga
  • The spike protein (S-protein) of SARS-CoV-2, the protein that enables the virus to infect human cells, is the basis for many vaccines and a hotspot of concerning virus evolution. Here, we discuss the outstanding progress in structural characterization of the S-protein and how these structures facilitate analysis of virus function and evolution. We emphasize the differences in reported structures and that analysis of structure-function relationships is sensitive to the structure used. We show that the average residue solvent exposure in nearly complete structures is a good descriptor of open vs closed conformation states. Because of structural heterogeneity of functionally important surface-exposed residues, we recommend using averages of a group of high-quality protein structures rather than a single structure before reaching conclusions on specific structure-function relationships. To illustrate these points, we analyze some significant chemical tendencies of prominent S-protein mutations in the context of the available structures. In the discussion of new variants, we emphasize the selectivity of binding to ACE2 vs prominent antibodies rather than simply the antibody escape or ACE2 affinity separately. We note that larger chemical changes, in particular increased electrostatic charge or side-chain volume of exposed surface residues, are recurring in mutations of concern, plausibly related to adaptation to the negative surface potential of human ACE2. We also find indications that the fixated mutations of the S-protein in the main variants are less destabilizing than would be expected on average, possibly pointing toward a selection pressure on the S-protein. The richness of available structures for all of these situations provides an enormously valuable basis for future research into these structure-function relationships.
  • |*COVID-19[MESH]
  • |*Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics/metabolism[MESH]
  • |Humans[MESH]
  • |Mutation[MESH]
  • |Protein Binding[MESH]


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