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10.3390/ijms222212494 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3390/ijms222212494 34830375!8621753!34830375     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=34830375&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Melatonin and Pathological Cell Interactions: Mitochondrial Glucose Processing in Cancer Cells |pdf=|usr=}}{{34830375}} gab.com Text Melatonin and Pathological Cell Interactions: Mitochondrial Glucose Processing in Cancer Cells JO: Int J Mol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34830375 #FOAvip Melatonin is synthesized in the pineal gland at night. Since melatonin is produced in the mitochondria of all other cells in a non-circadian manner, the amount synthesized by the pineal gland is less than 5% of the total. Melatonin produced in mitochondria influences glucose metabolism in all cells. Many pathological cells adopt aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) in which pyruvate is excluded from the mitochondria and remains in the cytosol where it is metabolized to lactate. The entrance of pyruvate into the mitochondria of healthy cells allows it to be irreversibly decarboxylated by pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) to acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). The exclusion of pyruvate from the mitochondria in pathological cells prevents the generation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate. This is relevant to mitochondrial melatonin production, as acetyl-CoA is a required co-substrate/co-factor for melatonin synthesis. When PDH is inhibited during aerobic glycolysis or during intracellular hypoxia, the deficiency of acetyl-CoA likely prevents mitochondrial melatonin synthesis. When cells experiencing aerobic glycolysis or hypoxia with a diminished level of acetyl-CoA are supplemented with melatonin or receive it from another endogenous source (pineal-derived), pathological cells convert to a more normal phenotype and support the transport of pyruvate into the mitochondria, thereby re-establishing a healthier mitochondrial metabolic physiology. Twit Text FOAVip Melatonin and Pathological Cell Interactions: Mitochondrial Glucose Processing in Cancer Cells ????Int J Mol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34830375 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34830375 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|34830375}}</ref> Melatonin and Pathological Cell Interactions: Mitochondrial Glucose Processing in Cancer Cells #MMPMID34830375 Reiter RJ; Sharma R; Rosales-Corral S; Manucha W; Chuffa LGA; Zuccari DAPC Int J Mol Sci 2021[Nov]; 22 (22): ä PMID34830375show ga Melatonin is synthesized in the pineal gland at night. Since melatonin is produced in the mitochondria of all other cells in a non-circadian manner, the amount synthesized by the pineal gland is less than 5% of the total. Melatonin produced in mitochondria influences glucose metabolism in all cells. Many pathological cells adopt aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) in which pyruvate is excluded from the mitochondria and remains in the cytosol where it is metabolized to lactate. The entrance of pyruvate into the mitochondria of healthy cells allows it to be irreversibly decarboxylated by pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) to acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). The exclusion of pyruvate from the mitochondria in pathological cells prevents the generation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate. This is relevant to mitochondrial melatonin production, as acetyl-CoA is a required co-substrate/co-factor for melatonin synthesis. When PDH is inhibited during aerobic glycolysis or during intracellular hypoxia, the deficiency of acetyl-CoA likely prevents mitochondrial melatonin synthesis. When cells experiencing aerobic glycolysis or hypoxia with a diminished level of acetyl-CoA are supplemented with melatonin or receive it from another endogenous source (pineal-derived), pathological cells convert to a more normal phenotype and support the transport of pyruvate into the mitochondria, thereby re-establishing a healthier mitochondrial metabolic physiology. |Aerobiosis/genetics[MESH] |Cell Communication/genetics[MESH] |Glucose/*metabolism[MESH] |Glycolysis/genetics[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Melatonin/*genetics/metabolism[MESH] |Mitochondria/*metabolism[MESH] |Neoplasms/genetics/*metabolism/pathology[MESH]Melatonin and Pathological Cell Interactions: Mitochondrial Glucose Pr(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing