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10.3390/microorganisms9091820

http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3390/microorganisms9091820
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34576716!8465566!34576716
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suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid34576716      Microorganisms 2021 ; 9 (9): ä
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  • TLR3 and TLR7 RNA Sensor Activation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection #MMPMID34576716
  • Bortolotti D; Gentili V; Rizzo S; Schiuma G; Beltrami S; Strazzabosco G; Fernandez M; Caccuri F; Caruso A; Rizzo R
  • Microorganisms 2021[Aug]; 9 (9): ä PMID34576716show ga
  • (1) Background: Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) that has led to a pandemic that began in March 2020. The role of the SARS-CoV-2 components on innate and adaptive immunity is still unknown. We investigated the possible implication of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)-pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) interaction. (2) Methods: We infected Calu-3/MRC-5 multicellular spheroids (MTCSs) with a SARS-CoV-2 clinical strain and evaluated the activation of RNA sensors, transcription factors, and cytokines/interferons (IFN) secretion, by quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, and ELISA. (3) Results: Our results showed that the SARS-CoV-2 infection of Calu-3/MRC-5 multicellular spheroids induced the activation of the TLR3 and TLR7 RNA sensor pathways. In particular, TLR3 might act via IRF3, producing interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, during the first 24 h post-infection. Then, TLR3 activates the NFkappaB transduction pathway, leading to pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Conversely, TLR7 seems to mainly act via NFkappaB, inducing type 1 IFN, IFN-gamma, and IFN-lambda3, starting from the 48 h post-infection. (4) Conclusion: We showed that both TLR3 and TLR7 are involved in the control of innate immunity during lung SARS-CoV-2 infection. The activation of TLRs induced pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-4, and IL-6, as well as interferons. TLRs could be a potential target in controlling the infection in the early stages of the disease.
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