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10.1016/j.scs.2021.103350 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103350 34540563!8433098!34540563     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=34540563&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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On the Critical Role of Human Feces and Public Toilets in the Transmission of COVID-19: Evidence from China |pdf=|usr=}}{{34540563}} gab.com Text On the Critical Role of Human Feces and Public Toilets in the Transmission of COVID-19: Evidence from China JO: Sustain Cities Soc http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34540563 #FOAvip The surprising spread speed of the COVID-19 pandemic creates an urgent need for investigating the transmission chain or transmission pattern of COVID-19 beyond the traditional respiratory channels. This study therefore examines whether human feces and public toilets play a critical role in the transmission of COVID-19. First, it develops a theoretical model that simulates the transmission chain of COVID-19 through public restrooms. Second, it uses stabilized epidemic data from China to empirically examine this theory, conducting an empirical estimation using a two-stage least squares (2SLS) model with appropriate instrumental variables (IVs). This study confirms that the wastewater directly promotes the transmission of COVID-19 within a city. However, the role of garbage in this transmission chain is more indirect in the sense that garbage has a complex relationship with public toilets, and it promotes the transmission of COVID-19 within a city through interaction with public toilets and, hence, human feces. These findings have very strong policy implications in the sense that if we can somehow use the ratio of public toilets as a policy instrument, then we can find a way to minimize the total number of infections in a region. As shown in this study, pushing the ratio of public toilets (against open defecation) to the local population in a city to its optimal level would help to reduce the total infection in a region. Twit Text FOAVip On the Critical Role of Human Feces and Public Toilets in the Transmission of COVID-19: Evidence from China ????Sustain Cities Soc http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34540563 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34540563 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|34540563}}</ref> On the Critical Role of Human Feces and Public Toilets in the Transmission of COVID-19: Evidence from China #MMPMID34540563 Wang Q; Liu L Sustain Cities Soc 2021[Dec]; 75 (ä): 103350 PMID34540563show ga The surprising spread speed of the COVID-19 pandemic creates an urgent need for investigating the transmission chain or transmission pattern of COVID-19 beyond the traditional respiratory channels. This study therefore examines whether human feces and public toilets play a critical role in the transmission of COVID-19. First, it develops a theoretical model that simulates the transmission chain of COVID-19 through public restrooms. Second, it uses stabilized epidemic data from China to empirically examine this theory, conducting an empirical estimation using a two-stage least squares (2SLS) model with appropriate instrumental variables (IVs). This study confirms that the wastewater directly promotes the transmission of COVID-19 within a city. However, the role of garbage in this transmission chain is more indirect in the sense that garbage has a complex relationship with public toilets, and it promotes the transmission of COVID-19 within a city through interaction with public toilets and, hence, human feces. These findings have very strong policy implications in the sense that if we can somehow use the ratio of public toilets as a policy instrument, then we can find a way to minimize the total number of infections in a region. As shown in this study, pushing the ratio of public toilets (against open defecation) to the local population in a city to its optimal level would help to reduce the total infection in a region. äOn the Critical Role of Human Feces and Public Toilets in the Transmis(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing