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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 298.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 ACS+Pharmacol+Transl+Sci 2021 ; 4 (4): 1408-1421 Nephropedia Template TP
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Rational Design of Hybrid SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors Guided by the Superimposed Cocrystal Structures with the Peptidomimetic Inhibitors GC-376, Telaprevir, and Boceprevir #MMPMID34414360
Xia Z; Sacco M; Hu Y; Ma C; Meng X; Zhang F; Szeto T; Xiang Y; Chen Y; Wang J
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021[Aug]; 4 (4): 1408-1421 PMID34414360show ga
SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M(pro)) is a cysteine protease that mediates the cleavage of viral polyproteins and is a validated antiviral drug target. M(pro) is highly conserved among all seven human coronaviruses, with certain M(pro) inhibitors having broad-spectrum antiviral activity. In this study, we designed two hybrid inhibitors UAWJ9-36-1 and UAWJ9-36-3 based on the superimposed X-ray crystal structures of SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) with GC-376, telaprevir, and boceprevir. Both UAWJ9-36-1 and UAWJ9-36-3 showed potent binding and enzymatic inhibition against the M(pro)'s from SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-HKU1. Cell-based Flip-GFP M(pro) assay results show that UAWJ9-36-1 and UAWJ9-36-3 inhibited the intracellular protease activity of SARS-CoV-2 M(pro). In addition, UAWJ9-36-1 and UAWJ9-36-3 had potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-229E, with UAWJ9-36-3 being more potent than GC-376 in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2. Selectivity profiling revealed that UAWJ9-36-1 and UAWJ9-36-3 had an improved selectivity index over that of GC-376 against host cysteine proteases calpain I and cathepsin L, but not cathepsin K. The X-ray crystal structures of SARS-CoV-2 M(pro) with UAWJ9-36-1 and UAWJ9-36-3 were both solved at 1.9 A, which validated our design hypothesis. Overall, hybrid inhibitors UAWJ9-36-1 and UAWJ9-36-3 are promising candidates to be further developed as broad-spectrum coronavirus antivirals.