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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Signal+Transduct+Target+Ther 2021 ; 6 (1): 308 Nephropedia Template TP
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HIF-1alpha promotes SARS-CoV-2 infection and aggravates inflammatory responses to COVID-19 #MMPMID34408131
Tian M; Liu W; Li X; Zhao P; Shereen MA; Zhu C; Huang S; Liu S; Yu X; Yue M; Pan P; Wang W; Li Y; Chen X; Wu K; Luo Z; Zhang Q; Wu J
Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021[Aug]; 6 (1): 308 PMID34408131show ga
Cytokine storm induced by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a major pathological feature of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and a crucial determinant in COVID-19 prognosis. Understanding the mechanism underlying the SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm is critical for COVID-19 control. Here, we identify that SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a and host hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) play key roles in the virus infection and pro-inflammatory responses. RNA sequencing shows that HIF-1alpha signaling, immune response, and metabolism pathways are dysregulated in COVID-19 patients. Clinical analyses indicate that HIF-1alpha production, inflammatory responses, and high mortalities occurr in elderly patients. HIF-1alpha and pro-inflammatory cytokines are elicited in patients and infected cells. Interestingly, SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a induces mitochondrial damage and Mito-ROS production to promote HIF-1alpha expression, which subsequently facilitates SARS-CoV-2 infection and cytokines production. Notably, HIF-1alpha also broadly promotes the infection of other viruses. Collectively, during SARS-CoV-2 infection, ORF3a induces HIF-1alpha, which in turn aggravates viral infection and inflammatory responses. Therefore, HIF-1alpha plays an important role in promoting SARS-CoV-2 infection and inducing pro-inflammatory responses to COVID-19.