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Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals ex vivo signatures of SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells through reverse phenotyping #MMPMID34312385
Fischer DS; Ansari M; Wagner KI; Jarosch S; Huang Y; Mayr CH; Strunz M; Lang NJ; D'Ippolito E; Hammel M; Mateyka L; Weber S; Wolff LS; Witter K; Fernandez IE; Leuschner G; Milger K; Frankenberger M; Nowak L; Heinig-Menhard K; Koch I; Stoleriu MG; Hilgendorff A; Behr J; Pichlmair A; Schubert B; Theis FJ; Busch DH; Schiller HB; Schober K
Nat Commun 2021[Jul]; 12 (1): 4515 PMID34312385show ga
The in vivo phenotypic profile of T cells reactive to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 antigens remains poorly understood. Conventional methods to detect antigen-reactive T cells require in vitro antigenic re-stimulation or highly individualized peptide-human leukocyte antigen (pHLA) multimers. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to identify and profile SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. To do so, we induce transcriptional shifts by antigenic stimulation in vitro and take advantage of natural T cell receptor (TCR) sequences of clonally expanded T cells as barcodes for 'reverse phenotyping'. This allows identification of SARS-CoV-2-reactive TCRs and reveals phenotypic effects introduced by antigen-specific stimulation. We characterize transcriptional signatures of currently and previously activated SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells, and show correspondence with phenotypes of T cells from the respiratory tract of patients with severe disease in the presence or absence of virus in independent cohorts. Reverse phenotyping is a powerful tool to provide an integrated insight into cellular states of SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells across tissues and activation states.