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A tudo immunfiziologiaja - utjelzok a terra incognita fele #MMPMID34274920
Balogh P
Orv Hetil 2021[Jul]; 162 (29): 1147-1155 PMID34274920show ga
Osszefoglalo. A tudo a benne levo legutak es a legzoham feluletenek kiterjedtsege, valamint a folyamatos napi gazcsere mennyisege miatt az emlosszervezetnek a kornyezeti antigenek szamara legnagyobb mertekben kitett kozvetlen behatolasi kapuja. A kulonbozo antigenekkel szemben szamos fizikai-mechanikai tisztulasi folyamat, valamint helyi es szisztemas immunologiai vedelmi mechanizmus egyuttesen biztositja a legutak atjarhatosagat es a megfelelo gazcserehez a legzoham es a tudo interstitialis osszetevoinek szoveti integritasat. A tudo - veleszuletett es adaptiv immunologiai - vedelmet ellato molekularis es sejtes resztvevokre, ezaltal a legutak alapveto eletfontossagu mukodesenek biztositasara vonatkozo ismereteink az utobbi idoben szamos uj megfigyelessel bovultek, melyek felvetik a tudo immunologiai szervezodesenek egyedi szerkezeti es funkcionalis specializaciojat. A jelen osszefoglalo celja ezeknek az uj eredmenyeknek a bemutatasa, ezen keresztul a tudoben zajlo sokretu immunologiai folyamatok fobb jellemzoinek es a bennuk reszt vevo sejtes es molekularis osszetevoknek az attekintese. Ezek reszletesebb megismerese elosegitheti a leguti (koztuk a SARS-CoV-2 altali) fertozesek utan fellepo, helyi es szisztemas immunpatologiai esemenyek pontosabb megerteset es a lehetseges terapias eljarasok kritikai ertelmezeset. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(29): 1147-1155. Summary. Due to the size of the surface area of airways and respiratory epithelium combined with the daily amount of continuous gas exchange, in mammalians the lung represents the most exposed organ serving as immediate entry port for airborne antigens. Together with several physicochemical clearance processes, both local and systemic immunological defense mechanisms ensure the passage of airways and the tissue integrity of respiratory epithelium and pulmonary interstitium necessary for the maintenance of gas exchange. Several recent observations concerning the molecular and cellular constituents of the pulmonary immunological defense have substantially broadened our knowledge of the maintenance of the vital functionality of airways, raising the unique specialization of the organization of pulmonary immune compartment. The purpose of the present review is to highlight the main findings on the complexity of pulmonary immunity, including the overview of the main characteristics of its cellular and molecular participants. Unrevealing these mechanisms may promote our understanding the local and systemic immunopathological processes occurring after airway infections (including SARS-CoV-2) and the critical assessment of potential therapeutic interventions. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(29): 1147-1155.
Orv+Hetil 2021 ; 162 (29): 1147-1155
