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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 302.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Cell+Rep+Med 2021 ; 2 (7): 100354 Nephropedia Template TP
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Longitudinal analysis shows durable and broad immune memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection with persisting antibody responses and memory B and T cells #MMPMID34250512
Cohen KW; Linderman SL; Moodie Z; Czartoski J; Lai L; Mantus G; Norwood C; Nyhoff LE; Edara VV; Floyd K; De Rosa SC; Ahmed H; Whaley R; Patel SN; Prigmore B; Lemos MP; Davis CW; Furth S; O'Keefe JB; Gharpure MP; Gunisetty S; Stephens K; Antia R; Zarnitsyna VI; Stephens DS; Edupuganti S; Rouphael N; Anderson EJ; Mehta AK; Wrammert J; Suthar MS; Ahmed R; McElrath MJ
Cell Rep Med 2021[Jul]; 2 (7): 100354 PMID34250512show ga
Ending the COVID-19 pandemic will require long-lived immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Here, we evaluate 254 COVID-19 patients longitudinally up to 8 months and find durable broad-based immune responses. SARS-CoV-2 spike binding and neutralizing antibodies exhibit a bi-phasic decay with an extended half-life of >200 days suggesting the generation of longer-lived plasma cells. SARS-CoV-2 infection also boosts antibody titers to SARS-CoV-1 and common betacoronaviruses. In addition, spike-specific IgG+ memory B cells persist, which bodes well for a rapid antibody response upon virus re-exposure or vaccination. Virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are polyfunctional and maintained with an estimated half-life of 200 days. Interestingly, CD4+ T cell responses equally target several SARS-CoV-2 proteins, whereas the CD8+ T cell responses preferentially target the nucleoprotein, highlighting the potential importance of including the nucleoprotein in future vaccines. Taken together, these results suggest that broad and effective immunity may persist long-term in recovered COVID-19 patients.