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10.1371/journal.pone.0253169 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1371/journal.pone.0253169 34143810!8213125!34143810     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       PLoS+One 2021 ; 16 (6): e0253169 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=34143810|t=2021. Association of the past epidemic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with mortality and incidence of COVID-19 |pdf=|usr=}}{{34143810}} gab.com Text Association of the past epidemic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with mortality and incidence of COVID-19 JO: PLoS One http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34143810 #FOAvip The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created a remarkable and varying impact in every country, inciting calls for broad attention. Recently, the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination has been regarded as a potential candidate to explain this difference. Herein, we hypothesised that the past epidemic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) may act as a latent explanatory factor for the worldwide differences seen in COVID-19 impact on mortality and incidence. We compared two indicators of past epidemic of M. tuberculosis, specifically, incidence (90 countries in 1990) and mortality (28 countries in 1950), with the mortality and incidence of COVID-19. We determined that an inverse relationship existed between the past epidemic indicators of M. tuberculosis and current COVID-19 impact. The rate ratio of the cumulative COVID-19 mortality per 1 million was 2.70 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-6.68) per 1 unit decrease in the incidence rate of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people). The rate ratio of the cumulative COVID-19 incidence per 1 million was 2.07 (95% CI: 1.30-3.30). This association existed even after adjusting for potential confounders (rate of people aged 65 over, diabetes prevalence, the mortality rate from cardiovascular disease, and gross domestic product per capita), leading to an adjusted rate ratio of COVID-19 mortality of 2.44, (95% CI: 1.32-4.52) and a COVID-19 incidence of 1.31 (95% CI: 0.97-1.78). After latent infection, Mycobacterium survives in the human body and may continue to stimulate trained immunity. This study suggests a possible mechanism underlying the region-based variation in the COVID-19 impact. Twit Text FOAVip Association of the past epidemic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with mortality and incidence of COVID-19 ????PLoS One http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34143810 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=34143810 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|34143810}}</ref> Association of the past epidemic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with mortality and incidence of COVID-19 #MMPMID34143810 Inoue K; Kashima S PLoS One 2021[]; 16 (6): e0253169 PMID34143810show ga The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created a remarkable and varying impact in every country, inciting calls for broad attention. Recently, the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination has been regarded as a potential candidate to explain this difference. Herein, we hypothesised that the past epidemic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) may act as a latent explanatory factor for the worldwide differences seen in COVID-19 impact on mortality and incidence. We compared two indicators of past epidemic of M. tuberculosis, specifically, incidence (90 countries in 1990) and mortality (28 countries in 1950), with the mortality and incidence of COVID-19. We determined that an inverse relationship existed between the past epidemic indicators of M. tuberculosis and current COVID-19 impact. The rate ratio of the cumulative COVID-19 mortality per 1 million was 2.70 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-6.68) per 1 unit decrease in the incidence rate of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people). The rate ratio of the cumulative COVID-19 incidence per 1 million was 2.07 (95% CI: 1.30-3.30). This association existed even after adjusting for potential confounders (rate of people aged 65 over, diabetes prevalence, the mortality rate from cardiovascular disease, and gross domestic product per capita), leading to an adjusted rate ratio of COVID-19 mortality of 2.44, (95% CI: 1.32-4.52) and a COVID-19 incidence of 1.31 (95% CI: 0.97-1.78). After latent infection, Mycobacterium survives in the human body and may continue to stimulate trained immunity. This study suggests a possible mechanism underlying the region-based variation in the COVID-19 impact. |BCG Vaccine/*immunology[MESH] |COVID-19/epidemiology/*prevention & control/virology[MESH] |Epidemics[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Incidence[MESH] |Models, Theoretical[MESH] |Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*immunology/physiology[MESH] |Prevalence[MESH] |SARS-CoV-2/*isolation & purification/physiology[MESH] |Survival Rate[MESH] |Tuberculosis/epidemiology/*immunology/microbiology[MESH]Association of the past epidemic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with mo(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing