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10.1093/ofid/ofaa531

http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1093/ofid/ofaa531
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suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid34109255      Open+Forum+Infect+Dis 2021 ; 8 (1): ofaa531
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  • Universal Polymerase Chain Reaction and Antibody Testing Demonstrate Little to No Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Rural Community #MMPMID34109255
  • Appa A; Takahashi S; Rodriguez-Barraquer I; Chamie G; Sawyer A; Duarte E; Hakim J; Turcios K; Vinden J; Janson O; Manglik A; Peluso MJ; Deeks SG; Henrich TJ; Torres L; Rodgers M; Hackett J; Chiu C; Havlir D; Greenhouse B
  • Open Forum Infect Dis 2021[Jan]; 8 (1): ofaa531 PMID34109255show ga
  • BACKGROUND: Limited systematic surveillance for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the early months of the US epidemic curtailed accurate appraisal of transmission intensity. Our objective was to perform case detection of an entire rural community to quantify SARS-CoV-2 transmission using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibody testing. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the rural town of Bolinas, California (population 1620), 4 weeks after shelter-in-place orders. Participants were tested between April 20 and 24, 2020. Prevalence by PCR and seroprevalence from 2 forms of antibody testing were performed in parallel (Abbott ARCHITECT immunoglobulin [Ig]G and in-house IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). RESULTS: Of 1891 participants, 1312 were confirmed Bolinas residents (>80% community ascertainment). Zero participants were PCR positive. Assuming 80% sensitivity, it would have been unlikely to observe these results (P < .05) if there were >3 active infections in the community. Based on antibody results, estimated prevalence of prior infection was 0.16% (95% credible interval [CrI], 0.02%-0.46%). The positive predictive value (PPV) of a positive result on both tests was 99.11% (95% CrI, 95.75%-99.94%), compared with PPV 44.19%-63.32% (95% CrI, 3.25%-98.64%) if 1 test was utilized. CONCLUSIONS: Four weeks after shelter-in-place, SARS-CoV-2 infection in a rural Northern California community was extremely rare. In this low-prevalence setting, use of 2 antibody tests increased seroprevalence estimate precision. This was one of the first community-wide studies to successfully implement synchronous PCR and antibody testing, particularly in a rural setting. Widespread testing remains an underpinning of effective disease control in conjunction with consistent uptake of public health measures.
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