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10.3389/fimmu.2021.661052 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3389/fimmu.2021.661052 33995382!8113960!33995382     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=33995382&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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SARS-CoV-2 Induces Lymphocytopenia by Promoting Inflammation and Decimates Secondary Lymphoid Organs |pdf=|usr=}}{{33995382}} gab.com Text SARS-CoV-2 Induces Lymphocytopenia by Promoting Inflammation and Decimates Secondary Lymphoid Organs JO: Front Immunol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33995382 #FOAvip While lymphocytopenia is a common characteristic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the mechanisms responsible for this lymphocyte depletion are unclear. Here, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical and immunological data from 18 fatal COVID-19 cases, results showed that these patients had severe lymphocytopenia, together with high serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10), and elevation of many other mediators in routine laboratory tests, including C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and natriuretic peptide type B. The spleens and hilar lymph nodes (LNs) from six additional COVID-19 patients with post-mortem examinations were also collected, histopathologic detection showed that both organs manifested severe tissue damage and lymphocyte apoptosis in these six cases. In situ hybridization assays illustrated that SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA accumulates in these tissues, and transmission electronic microscopy confirmed that coronavirus-like particles were visible in the LNs. SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Nucleocapsid protein (NP) accumulated in the spleens and LNs, and the NP antigen restricted in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) positive macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 triggered the transcription of Il6, Il8 and Il1b genes in infected primary macrophages and DCs in vitro, and SARS-CoV-2-NP(+) macrophages and DCs also manifested high levels of IL-6 and IL-1beta, which might directly decimate human spleens and LNs and subsequently lead to lymphocytopenia in vivo. Collectively, these results demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 induced lymphocytopenia by promoting systemic inflammation and direct neutralization in human spleen and LNs. Twit Text FOAVip SARS-CoV-2 Induces Lymphocytopenia by Promoting Inflammation and Decimates Secondary Lymphoid Organs ????Front Immunol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33995382 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33995382 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33995382}}</ref> SARS-CoV-2 Induces Lymphocytopenia by Promoting Inflammation and Decimates Secondary Lymphoid Organs #MMPMID33995382 Xiang Q; Feng Z; Diao B; Tu C; Qiao Q; Yang H; Zhang Y; Wang G; Wang H; Wang C; Liu L; Wang C; Liu L; Chen R; Wu Y; Chen Y Front Immunol 2021[]; 12 (ä): 661052 PMID33995382show ga While lymphocytopenia is a common characteristic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the mechanisms responsible for this lymphocyte depletion are unclear. Here, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical and immunological data from 18 fatal COVID-19 cases, results showed that these patients had severe lymphocytopenia, together with high serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10), and elevation of many other mediators in routine laboratory tests, including C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and natriuretic peptide type B. The spleens and hilar lymph nodes (LNs) from six additional COVID-19 patients with post-mortem examinations were also collected, histopathologic detection showed that both organs manifested severe tissue damage and lymphocyte apoptosis in these six cases. In situ hybridization assays illustrated that SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA accumulates in these tissues, and transmission electronic microscopy confirmed that coronavirus-like particles were visible in the LNs. SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Nucleocapsid protein (NP) accumulated in the spleens and LNs, and the NP antigen restricted in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) positive macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 triggered the transcription of Il6, Il8 and Il1b genes in infected primary macrophages and DCs in vitro, and SARS-CoV-2-NP(+) macrophages and DCs also manifested high levels of IL-6 and IL-1beta, which might directly decimate human spleens and LNs and subsequently lead to lymphocytopenia in vivo. Collectively, these results demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 induced lymphocytopenia by promoting systemic inflammation and direct neutralization in human spleen and LNs. |Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/immunology[MESH] |COVID-19/complications/*immunology/pathology[MESH] |Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins/immunology[MESH] |Cytokines/immunology[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Inflammation/immunology/pathology[MESH] |Lymph Nodes/*immunology/ultrastructure[MESH] |Lymphopenia/etiology/*immunology/pathology[MESH] |Middle Aged[MESH] |Phosphoproteins/immunology[MESH] |RNA, Messenger/immunology[MESH] |Retrospective Studies[MESH] |SARS-CoV-2/*immunology/pathogenicity/ultrastructure[MESH]SARS-CoV-2 Induces Lymphocytopenia by Promoting Inflammation and Decim(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing