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The interferon-stimulated exosomal hACE2 potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication through competitively blocking the virus entry #MMPMID33980808
Zhang J; Huang F; Xia B; Yuan Y; Yu F; Wang G; Chen Q; Wang Q; Li Y; Li R; Song Z; Pan T; Chen J; Lu G; Zhang H
Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021[May]; 6 (1): 189 PMID33980808show ga
Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it has become a global pandemic. The spike (S) protein of etiologic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) specifically recognizes human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) as its receptor, which is recently identified as an interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene. Here, we find that hACE2 exists on the surface of exosomes released by different cell types, and the expression of exosomal hACE2 is increased by IFNalpha/beta treatment. In particular, exosomal hACE2 can specifically block the cell entry of SARS-CoV-2, subsequently inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and ex vivo. Our findings have indicated that IFN is able to upregulate a viral receptor on the exosomes which competitively block the virus entry, exhibiting a potential antiviral strategy.
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Signal+Transduct+Target+Ther 2021 ; 6 (1): 189
