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10.1136/bmj.n1038 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1136/bmj.n1038 33975825!8111167!33975825     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       BMJ 2021 ; 373 (ä): n1038 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33975825|t=2021. Use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in hospital patients with covid-19: multinational network cohort study |pdf=|usr=}}{{33975825}} gab.com Text Use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in hospital patients with covid-19: multinational network cohort study JO: BMJ http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33975825 #FOAvip OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 across three continents. DESIGN: Multinational network cohort study. SETTING: Hospital electronic health records from the United States, Spain, and China, and nationwide claims data from South Korea. PARTICIPANTS: 303 264 patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 from January 2020 to December 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prescriptions or dispensations of any drug on or 30 days after the date of hospital admission for covid-19. RESULTS: Of the 303 264 patients included, 290 131 were from the US, 7599 from South Korea, 5230 from Spain, and 304 from China. 3455 drugs were identified. Common repurposed drugs were hydroxychloroquine (used in from <5 (<2%) patients in China to 2165 (85.1%) in Spain), azithromycin (from 15 (4.9%) in China to 1473 (57.9%) in Spain), combined lopinavir and ritonavir (from 156 (<2%) in the VA-OMOP US to 2,652 (34.9%) in South Korea and 1285 (50.5%) in Spain), and umifenovir (0% in the US, South Korea, and Spain and 238 (78.3%) in China). Use of adjunctive drugs varied greatly, with the five most used treatments being enoxaparin, fluoroquinolones, ceftriaxone, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. Hydroxychloroquine use increased rapidly from March to April 2020 but declined steeply in May to June and remained low for the rest of the year. The use of dexamethasone and corticosteroids increased steadily during 2020. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple drugs were used in the first few months of the covid-19 pandemic, with substantial geographical and temporal variation. Hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, lopinavir-ritonavir, and umifenovir (in China only) were the most prescribed repurposed drugs. Antithrombotics, antibiotics, H2 receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids were often used as adjunctive treatments. Research is needed on the comparative risk and benefit of these treatments in the management of covid-19. Twit Text FOAVip Use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in hospital patients with covid-19: multinational network cohort study ????BMJ http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33975825 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33975825 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33975825}}</ref> Use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in hospital patients with covid-19: multinational network cohort study #MMPMID33975825 Prats-Uribe A; Sena AG; Lai LYH; Ahmed WU; Alghoul H; Alser O; Alshammari TM; Areia C; Carter W; Casajust P; Dawoud D; Golozar A; Jonnagaddala J; Mehta PP; Gong M; Morales DR; Nyberg F; Posada JD; Recalde M; Roel E; Shah K; Shah NH; Schilling LM; Subbian V; Vizcaya D; Zhang L; Zhang Y; Zhu H; Liu L; Cho J; Lynch KE; Matheny ME; You SC; Rijnbeek PR; Hripcsak G; Lane JC; Burn E; Reich C; Suchard MA; Duarte-Salles T; Kostka K; Ryan PB; Prieto-Alhambra D BMJ 2021[May]; 373 (ä): n1038 PMID33975825show ga OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 across three continents. DESIGN: Multinational network cohort study. SETTING: Hospital electronic health records from the United States, Spain, and China, and nationwide claims data from South Korea. PARTICIPANTS: 303 264 patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 from January 2020 to December 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prescriptions or dispensations of any drug on or 30 days after the date of hospital admission for covid-19. RESULTS: Of the 303 264 patients included, 290 131 were from the US, 7599 from South Korea, 5230 from Spain, and 304 from China. 3455 drugs were identified. Common repurposed drugs were hydroxychloroquine (used in from <5 (<2%) patients in China to 2165 (85.1%) in Spain), azithromycin (from 15 (4.9%) in China to 1473 (57.9%) in Spain), combined lopinavir and ritonavir (from 156 (<2%) in the VA-OMOP US to 2,652 (34.9%) in South Korea and 1285 (50.5%) in Spain), and umifenovir (0% in the US, South Korea, and Spain and 238 (78.3%) in China). Use of adjunctive drugs varied greatly, with the five most used treatments being enoxaparin, fluoroquinolones, ceftriaxone, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. Hydroxychloroquine use increased rapidly from March to April 2020 but declined steeply in May to June and remained low for the rest of the year. The use of dexamethasone and corticosteroids increased steadily during 2020. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple drugs were used in the first few months of the covid-19 pandemic, with substantial geographical and temporal variation. Hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, lopinavir-ritonavir, and umifenovir (in China only) were the most prescribed repurposed drugs. Antithrombotics, antibiotics, H2 receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids were often used as adjunctive treatments. Research is needed on the comparative risk and benefit of these treatments in the management of covid-19. |*COVID-19 Drug Treatment[MESH] |Administrative Claims, Healthcare/statistics & numerical data[MESH] |Adolescent[MESH] |Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use[MESH] |Adult[MESH] |Aged[MESH] |Aged, 80 and over[MESH] |Azithromycin/therapeutic use[MESH] |COVID-19/diagnosis/epidemiology/virology[MESH] |Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use[MESH] |Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/*methods[MESH] |Child[MESH] |Child, Preschool[MESH] |China/epidemiology[MESH] |Cohort Studies[MESH] |Drug Combinations[MESH] |Drug Repositioning/*methods[MESH] |Electronic Health Records/statistics & numerical data[MESH] |Enoxaparin/therapeutic use[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Fluoroquinolones/therapeutic use[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use[MESH] |Infant[MESH] |Infant, Newborn[MESH] |Inpatients[MESH] |Lopinavir/therapeutic use[MESH] |Male[MESH] |Middle Aged[MESH] |Republic of Korea/epidemiology[MESH] |Ritonavir/therapeutic use[MESH] |SARS-CoV-2/drug effects/genetics[MESH] |Safety[MESH] |Spain/epidemiology[MESH] |Treatment Outcome[MESH] |United States/epidemiology[MESH] |Vitamin D/therapeutic use[MESH]Use of repurposed and adjuvant drugs in hospital patients with covid-1(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing