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10.1016/j.chest.2021.04.041 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.chest.2021.04.041 33957100!8473677!33957100     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Chest 2021 ; 160 (4): 1377-1387 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33957100|t=2021. Characterization of Aerosol Generation During Various Intensities of Exercise |pdf=|usr=}}{{33957100}} gab.com Text Characterization of Aerosol Generation During Various Intensities of Exercise JO: Chest http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33957100 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: Characterization of aerosol generation during exercise can inform the development of safety recommendations in the face of COVID-19. RESEARCH QUESTION: Does exercise at various intensities produce aerosols in significant quantities? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In this experimental study, subjects were eight healthy volunteers (six men, two women) who were 20 to 63 years old. The 20-minute test protocol of 5 minutes rest, four 3-minute stages of exercise at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of age-predicted heart rate reserve, and 3 minutes active recovery was performed in a clean, controlled environment. Aerosols were measured by four particle counters that were place to surround the subject. RESULTS: Age averaged 41 +/- 14 years. Peak heart rate was 173 +/- 17 beat/min (97% predicted); peak maximal oxygen uptake was 33.9 +/- 7.5 mL/kg/min; and peak respiratory exchange ratio was 1.22 +/- 0.10. Maximal ventilation averaged 120 +/- 23 L/min, while cumulative ventilation reached 990 +/- 192 L. Concentrations increased exponentially from start to 20 minutes (geometric mean +/- geometric SD particles/liter): Fluke >0.3 mum = 66 +/- 1.8 --> 1605 +/- 3.8; 0.3-1.0 mum = 35 +/- 2.2 --> 1095 +/- 4.6; Fluke 1.0-5.0 mum = 21 +/- 2.0 --> 358 +/- 2.3; P-Trak anterior = 637 +/- 2.3 --> 5148 +/- 3.0; P-Trak side = 708 +/- 2.7 --> 6844 +/- 2.7; P-Track back = 519 +/- 3.1 --> 5853 +/- 2.8. All increases were significant at a probability value of <.05. Exercise at or above 50% of predicted heart rate reserve showed statistically significant increases in aerosol concentration. INTERPRETATION: Our data suggest exercise testing is an aerosol-generating procedure and, by extension, other activities that involve exercise intensities at or above 50% of predicted heart rate reserve. Results can guide recommendations for safety of exercise testing and other indoor exercise activities. Twit Text FOAVip Characterization of Aerosol Generation During Various Intensities of Exercise ????Chest http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33957100 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33957100 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33957100}}</ref> Characterization of Aerosol Generation During Various Intensities of Exercise #MMPMID33957100 Sajgalik P; Garzona-Navas A; Csecs I; Askew JW; Lopez-Jimenez F; Niven AS; Johnson BD; Allison TG Chest 2021[Oct]; 160 (4): 1377-1387 PMID33957100show ga BACKGROUND: Characterization of aerosol generation during exercise can inform the development of safety recommendations in the face of COVID-19. RESEARCH QUESTION: Does exercise at various intensities produce aerosols in significant quantities? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In this experimental study, subjects were eight healthy volunteers (six men, two women) who were 20 to 63 years old. The 20-minute test protocol of 5 minutes rest, four 3-minute stages of exercise at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of age-predicted heart rate reserve, and 3 minutes active recovery was performed in a clean, controlled environment. Aerosols were measured by four particle counters that were place to surround the subject. RESULTS: Age averaged 41 +/- 14 years. Peak heart rate was 173 +/- 17 beat/min (97% predicted); peak maximal oxygen uptake was 33.9 +/- 7.5 mL/kg/min; and peak respiratory exchange ratio was 1.22 +/- 0.10. Maximal ventilation averaged 120 +/- 23 L/min, while cumulative ventilation reached 990 +/- 192 L. Concentrations increased exponentially from start to 20 minutes (geometric mean +/- geometric SD particles/liter): Fluke >0.3 mum = 66 +/- 1.8 --> 1605 +/- 3.8; 0.3-1.0 mum = 35 +/- 2.2 --> 1095 +/- 4.6; Fluke 1.0-5.0 mum = 21 +/- 2.0 --> 358 +/- 2.3; P-Trak anterior = 637 +/- 2.3 --> 5148 +/- 3.0; P-Trak side = 708 +/- 2.7 --> 6844 +/- 2.7; P-Track back = 519 +/- 3.1 --> 5853 +/- 2.8. All increases were significant at a probability value of <.05. Exercise at or above 50% of predicted heart rate reserve showed statistically significant increases in aerosol concentration. INTERPRETATION: Our data suggest exercise testing is an aerosol-generating procedure and, by extension, other activities that involve exercise intensities at or above 50% of predicted heart rate reserve. Results can guide recommendations for safety of exercise testing and other indoor exercise activities. |Adult[MESH] |Aerosols/*analysis[MESH] |COVID-19/*diagnosis/metabolism[MESH] |Exercise Test/methods[MESH] |Exercise/*physiology[MESH] |Exhalation/*physiology[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Healthy Volunteers[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Lung/*metabolism[MESH] |Male[MESH] |Middle Aged[MESH] |Respiratory Function Tests/*methods[MESH] |SARS-CoV-2[MESH]Characterization of Aerosol Generation During Various Intensities of E(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing