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10.1007/s00253-021-11319-6 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1007/s00253-021-11319-6 33950278!8096625!33950278     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Appl+Microbiol+Biotechnol 2021 ; 105 (10): 4005-4015 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33950278|t=2021. Potential role of IFN-alpha in COVID-19 patients and its underlying treatment options |pdf=|usr=}}{{33950278}} gab.com Text Potential role of IFN-alpha in COVID-19 patients and its underlying treatment options JO: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33950278 #FOAvip The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly worldwide. Given that this contagious viral outbreak is still unfolding, it is urgent to understand the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and explore effective treatments to protect patients from developing a severe illness related to COVID-19. Recently, IFN-alpha has been considered a potential therapeutic strategy to treat COVID-19 disease, mainly because the innate immune system rapidly produces IFN-alpha as the first line of defense to combat viral infections. However, IFN-alpha can also play a role in immunoregulatory effects, causing pathogenic damage and uncontrolled inflammatory responses. There are 13 human IFN-alpha subtypes that bind to the same receptor and induce different interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, regulating various antiviral and immunoregulatory effects. The varying degrees of inflammatory regulations may raise concerns about the possible side effects to enlarge the inflammatory responses, exacerbating the severity of infection. Thus, the analysis of various IFN-alpha subtype induction during SARS-CoV-2 infection is necessary in exploring the mechanism of COVID-19 pathogenesis. This review summarizes the current understanding of IFN-alpha in the pathogenesis of respiratory virus diseases and IFN-alpha based clinical intervention used in SARS-CoV-2 infection and other respiratory virus diseases. Besides, new ideas in selecting suitable IFN-alpha subtypes or combinations as drug candidates for viral infection treatment will also be discussed.Key Points* IFN-alpha plays an important role in anti-viral and immunoregulatory effects in COVID-19 patients caused by SARS-CoV-2.* The uncontrolled inflammation and disease severity correlated to the diversity of IFN-alpha subtype induction.* Selecting suitable IFN-alpha subtypes or combinations as drug candidates will be beneficial for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Twit Text FOAVip Potential role of IFN-alpha in COVID-19 patients and its underlying treatment options ????Appl Microbiol Biotechnol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33950278 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33950278 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33950278}}</ref> Potential role of IFN-alpha in COVID-19 patients and its underlying treatment options #MMPMID33950278 Yang L; Wang J; Hui P; Yarovinsky TO; Badeti S; Pham K; Liu C Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021[May]; 105 (10): 4005-4015 PMID33950278show ga The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly worldwide. Given that this contagious viral outbreak is still unfolding, it is urgent to understand the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and explore effective treatments to protect patients from developing a severe illness related to COVID-19. Recently, IFN-alpha has been considered a potential therapeutic strategy to treat COVID-19 disease, mainly because the innate immune system rapidly produces IFN-alpha as the first line of defense to combat viral infections. However, IFN-alpha can also play a role in immunoregulatory effects, causing pathogenic damage and uncontrolled inflammatory responses. There are 13 human IFN-alpha subtypes that bind to the same receptor and induce different interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, regulating various antiviral and immunoregulatory effects. The varying degrees of inflammatory regulations may raise concerns about the possible side effects to enlarge the inflammatory responses, exacerbating the severity of infection. Thus, the analysis of various IFN-alpha subtype induction during SARS-CoV-2 infection is necessary in exploring the mechanism of COVID-19 pathogenesis. This review summarizes the current understanding of IFN-alpha in the pathogenesis of respiratory virus diseases and IFN-alpha based clinical intervention used in SARS-CoV-2 infection and other respiratory virus diseases. Besides, new ideas in selecting suitable IFN-alpha subtypes or combinations as drug candidates for viral infection treatment will also be discussed.Key Points* IFN-alpha plays an important role in anti-viral and immunoregulatory effects in COVID-19 patients caused by SARS-CoV-2.* The uncontrolled inflammation and disease severity correlated to the diversity of IFN-alpha subtype induction.* Selecting suitable IFN-alpha subtypes or combinations as drug candidates will be beneficial for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. |*COVID-19[MESH] |Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use[MESH]Potential role of IFN-alpha in COVID-19 patients and its underlying tr(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing