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10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117153 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117153 33940341!9757913!33940341     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Environ+Pollut 2021 ; 284 (ä): 117153 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33940341|t=2021. Increased ozone pollution alongside reduced nitrogen dioxide concentrations during Vienna s first COVID-19 lockdown: Significance for air quality management |pdf=|usr=}}{{33940341}} gab.com Text Increased ozone pollution alongside reduced nitrogen dioxide concentrations during Vienna s first COVID-19 lockdown: Significance for air quality management JO: Environ Pollut http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33940341 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: Lockdowns amid the COVID-19 pandemic have offered a real-world opportunity to better understand air quality responses to previously unseen anthropogenic emission reductions. METHODS AND MAIN OBJECTIVE: This work examines the impact of Vienna's first lockdown on ground-level concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), ozone (O(3)) and total oxidant (O(x)). The analysis runs over January to September 2020 and considers business as usual scenarios created with machine learning models to provide a baseline for robustly diagnosing lockdown-related air quality changes. Models were also developed to normalise the air pollutant time series, enabling facilitated intervention assessment. CORE FINDINGS: NO(2) concentrations were on average -20.1% [13.7-30.4%] lower during the lockdown. However, this benefit was offset by amplified O(3) pollution of +8.5% [3.7-11.0%] in the same period. The consistency in the direction of change indicates that the NO(2) reductions and O(3) increases were ubiquitous over Vienna. O(x) concentrations increased slightly by +4.3% [1.8-6.4%], suggesting that a significant part of the drops in NO(2) was compensated by gains in O(3). Accordingly, 82% of lockdown days with lowered NO(2) were accompanied by 81% of days with amplified O(3). The recovery shapes of the pollutant concentrations were depicted and discussed. The business as usual-related outcomes were broadly consistent with the patterns outlined by the normalised time series. These findings allowed to argue further that the detected changes in air quality were of anthropogenic and not of meteorological reason. Pollutant changes on the machine learning baseline revealed that the impact of the lockdown on urban air quality were lower than the raw measurements show. Besides, measured traffic drops in major Austrian roads were more significant for light-duty than for heavy-duty vehicles. It was also noted that the use of mobility reports based on cell phone movement as activity data can overestimate the reduction of emissions for the road transport sector, particularly for heavy-duty vehicles. As heavy-duty vehicles can make up a large fraction of the fleet emissions of nitrogen oxides, the change in the volume of these vehicles on the roads may be the main driver to explain the change in NO(2) concentrations. INTERPRETATION AND IMPLICATIONS: A probable future with emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) dropping slower than emissions of nitrogen oxides could risk worsened urban O(3) pollution under a VOC-limited photochemical regime. More holistic policies will be needed to achieve improved air quality levels across different regions and criteria pollutants. Twit Text FOAVip Increased ozone pollution alongside reduced nitrogen dioxide concentrations during Vienna s first COVID-19 lockdown: Significance for air quality management ????Environ Pollut http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33940341 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33940341 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33940341}}</ref> Increased ozone pollution alongside reduced nitrogen dioxide concentrations during Vienna s first COVID-19 lockdown: Significance for air quality management #MMPMID33940341 Brancher M Environ Pollut 2021[Sep]; 284 (ä): 117153 PMID33940341show ga BACKGROUND: Lockdowns amid the COVID-19 pandemic have offered a real-world opportunity to better understand air quality responses to previously unseen anthropogenic emission reductions. METHODS AND MAIN OBJECTIVE: This work examines the impact of Vienna's first lockdown on ground-level concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), ozone (O(3)) and total oxidant (O(x)). The analysis runs over January to September 2020 and considers business as usual scenarios created with machine learning models to provide a baseline for robustly diagnosing lockdown-related air quality changes. Models were also developed to normalise the air pollutant time series, enabling facilitated intervention assessment. CORE FINDINGS: NO(2) concentrations were on average -20.1% [13.7-30.4%] lower during the lockdown. However, this benefit was offset by amplified O(3) pollution of +8.5% [3.7-11.0%] in the same period. The consistency in the direction of change indicates that the NO(2) reductions and O(3) increases were ubiquitous over Vienna. O(x) concentrations increased slightly by +4.3% [1.8-6.4%], suggesting that a significant part of the drops in NO(2) was compensated by gains in O(3). Accordingly, 82% of lockdown days with lowered NO(2) were accompanied by 81% of days with amplified O(3). The recovery shapes of the pollutant concentrations were depicted and discussed. The business as usual-related outcomes were broadly consistent with the patterns outlined by the normalised time series. These findings allowed to argue further that the detected changes in air quality were of anthropogenic and not of meteorological reason. Pollutant changes on the machine learning baseline revealed that the impact of the lockdown on urban air quality were lower than the raw measurements show. Besides, measured traffic drops in major Austrian roads were more significant for light-duty than for heavy-duty vehicles. It was also noted that the use of mobility reports based on cell phone movement as activity data can overestimate the reduction of emissions for the road transport sector, particularly for heavy-duty vehicles. As heavy-duty vehicles can make up a large fraction of the fleet emissions of nitrogen oxides, the change in the volume of these vehicles on the roads may be the main driver to explain the change in NO(2) concentrations. INTERPRETATION AND IMPLICATIONS: A probable future with emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) dropping slower than emissions of nitrogen oxides could risk worsened urban O(3) pollution under a VOC-limited photochemical regime. More holistic policies will be needed to achieve improved air quality levels across different regions and criteria pollutants. |*Air Pollutants/analysis[MESH] |*Air Pollution/analysis[MESH] |*COVID-19[MESH] |*Ozone[MESH] |Austria[MESH] |Communicable Disease Control[MESH] |Environmental Monitoring[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis[MESH] |Pandemics[MESH] |Particulate Matter/analysis[MESH]Increased ozone pollution alongside reduced nitrogen dioxide concentra(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing