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10.1016/j.pupt.2021.102035 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.pupt.2021.102035 33933611!8084922!33933611     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Pulm+Pharmacol+Ther 2021 ; 69 (ä): 102035 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33933611|t=2021. Endothelin antagonism and sodium glucose Co-transporter 2 inhibition A potential combination therapeutic strategy for COVID-19 |pdf=|usr=}}{{33933611}} gab.com Text Endothelin antagonism and sodium glucose Co-transporter 2 inhibition A potential combination therapeutic strategy for COVID-19 JO: Pulm Pharmacol Ther http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33933611 #FOAvip The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global pandemic that requires a multi-faceted approach to tackle this unprecedent health crisis. Therapeutics to treat COVID-19 are an integral part of any such management strategy and there is a substantial unmet need for treatments for individuals most at risk of severe disease. This perspective review provides rationale of a combined therapeutic regimen of selective endothelin-A (ET-A) receptor antagonism and sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibition to treat COVID-19. Endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictor with pro-inflammatory and atherosclerotic effects. It is upregulated in a number of conditions including acute respiratory distress syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Endothelin mediates vasocontractility via endothelin (ET-A and ET-B) receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). ET-B receptors regulate endothelin clearance and are present on endothelial cells, where in contrast to their role on VSMCs, mediate vasodilation. Therefore, selective endothelin-A (ET-A) receptor inhibition is likely the optimal approach to attenuate the injurious effects of endothelin and may reduce ventilation-perfusion mismatch and pulmonary inflammation, whilst improving pulmonary haemodynamics and oxygenation. SGLT-2 inhibition may dampen inflammatory cytokines, reduce hyperglycaemia if present, improve endothelial function, cardiovascular haemodynamics and cellular bioenergetics. This combination therapeutic approach may therefore have beneficial effects to mitigate both the pulmonary, metabolic and cardiorenal manifestations of COVID-19. Given these drug classes include medicines licensed to treat heart failure, diabetes and pulmonary hypertension respectively, information regarding their safety profile is established. Randomised controlled clinical trials are the best way to determine efficacy and safety of these medicines in COVID-19. Twit Text FOAVip Endothelin antagonism and sodium glucose Co-transporter 2 inhibition A potential combination therapeutic strategy for COVID-19 ????Pulm Pharmacol Ther http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33933611 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33933611 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33933611}}</ref> Endothelin antagonism and sodium glucose Co-transporter 2 inhibition A potential combination therapeutic strategy for COVID-19 #MMPMID33933611 Fisk M; Althage M; Moosmang S; Greasley PJ; Cope AP; Jayne DR; Galloway J; Hall F; Wilkinson IB; Ambery P; Cheriyan J Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2021[Aug]; 69 (ä): 102035 PMID33933611show ga The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global pandemic that requires a multi-faceted approach to tackle this unprecedent health crisis. Therapeutics to treat COVID-19 are an integral part of any such management strategy and there is a substantial unmet need for treatments for individuals most at risk of severe disease. This perspective review provides rationale of a combined therapeutic regimen of selective endothelin-A (ET-A) receptor antagonism and sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibition to treat COVID-19. Endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictor with pro-inflammatory and atherosclerotic effects. It is upregulated in a number of conditions including acute respiratory distress syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Endothelin mediates vasocontractility via endothelin (ET-A and ET-B) receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). ET-B receptors regulate endothelin clearance and are present on endothelial cells, where in contrast to their role on VSMCs, mediate vasodilation. Therefore, selective endothelin-A (ET-A) receptor inhibition is likely the optimal approach to attenuate the injurious effects of endothelin and may reduce ventilation-perfusion mismatch and pulmonary inflammation, whilst improving pulmonary haemodynamics and oxygenation. SGLT-2 inhibition may dampen inflammatory cytokines, reduce hyperglycaemia if present, improve endothelial function, cardiovascular haemodynamics and cellular bioenergetics. This combination therapeutic approach may therefore have beneficial effects to mitigate both the pulmonary, metabolic and cardiorenal manifestations of COVID-19. Given these drug classes include medicines licensed to treat heart failure, diabetes and pulmonary hypertension respectively, information regarding their safety profile is established. Randomised controlled clinical trials are the best way to determine efficacy and safety of these medicines in COVID-19. |*COVID-19[MESH] |*Endothelin Receptor Antagonists[MESH] |Endothelial Cells/metabolism[MESH] |Endothelin-1/metabolism[MESH] |Endothelins[MESH] |Glucose[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |SARS-CoV-2[MESH] |Sodium[MESH]Endothelin antagonism and sodium glucose Co-transporter 2 inhibition (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing