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10.20529/IJME.2021.023 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.20529/IJME.2021.023 33908352!ä!33908352 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Indian+J+Med+Ethics 2021 ; VI (2): 1-10 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33908352|t=2021. Trials for second generation Covid-19 vaccines: Revisiting the debate over placebo use in developing country clinical trials |pdf=|usr=}}{{33908352}} gab.com Text Trials for second generation Covid-19 vaccines: Revisiting the debate over placebo use in developing country clinical trials JO: Indian J Med Ethics http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33908352 #FOAvip This article compares the current debate over the use of placebos in developing country clinical trials of second generation Covid-19 vaccines with the debates over previous paradigmatic cases raising similar issues. Compared to the earlier zidovudine and Surfaxin trials, Covid-19 vaccine trials are likely to confer lower risk to placebo groups and to offer a greater number and variety of alternative study designs. However, turning to the developing world to conduct studies that would be unacceptable in developed countries, simply on the ground that Covid-19 vaccines are generally unavailable in developing countries, is not ethically justifiable. This is so whether the justification is rooted in total absence of vaccine in a given country or in developing country vaccine prioritisation practices, because at root both derive from economic, not scientific conditions. However, the advent of variants that may create genuine uncertainty as to comparator vaccine effectiveness could justify a placebo control, depending on vaccine characteristics, variant prevalence, the degree of variant resistance, and the acceptability of immune-bridging studies. These factors must be considered together in the necessary case-by-case assessment of the ethical justification for any proposed trial. Twit Text FOAVip Trials for second generation Covid-19 vaccines: Revisiting the debate over placebo use in developing country clinical trials ????Indian J Med Ethics http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33908352 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33908352 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33908352}}</ref> Trials for second generation Covid-19 vaccines: Revisiting the debate over placebo use in developing country clinical trials #MMPMID33908352 Lurie P Indian J Med Ethics 2021[Apr]; VI (2): 1-10 PMID33908352show ga This article compares the current debate over the use of placebos in developing country clinical trials of second generation Covid-19 vaccines with the debates over previous paradigmatic cases raising similar issues. Compared to the earlier zidovudine and Surfaxin trials, Covid-19 vaccine trials are likely to confer lower risk to placebo groups and to offer a greater number and variety of alternative study designs. However, turning to the developing world to conduct studies that would be unacceptable in developed countries, simply on the ground that Covid-19 vaccines are generally unavailable in developing countries, is not ethically justifiable. This is so whether the justification is rooted in total absence of vaccine in a given country or in developing country vaccine prioritisation practices, because at root both derive from economic, not scientific conditions. However, the advent of variants that may create genuine uncertainty as to comparator vaccine effectiveness could justify a placebo control, depending on vaccine characteristics, variant prevalence, the degree of variant resistance, and the acceptability of immune-bridging studies. These factors must be considered together in the necessary case-by-case assessment of the ethical justification for any proposed trial. |*Ethics, Medical[MESH] |Adult[MESH] |Aged[MESH] |Aged, 80 and over[MESH] |COVID-19 Vaccines/*standards[MESH] |COVID-19/*prevention & control[MESH] |Clinical Trials as Topic/*ethics/*standards[MESH] |Developing Countries[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Guidelines as Topic[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Male[MESH] |Middle Aged[MESH] |Pandemics[MESH] |Patient Rights/*standards[MESH] |Placebos/*standards[MESH] |Risk Factors[MESH]Trials for second generation Covid-19 vaccines: Revisiting the debate (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing